Producción de bioenergía a partir de lodo residual en celdas microbianas combustibles
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i4.48596Palabras clave:
Bioenergía; Bioelectricidad; Voltaje; Lagunas de oxidación; Gestión ambiental.Resumen
La gestión inadecuada de lodos residuales en lagunas de oxidación genera acumulación de materia orgánica y contaminantes, planteando un reto ambiental. Las celdas microbianas de combustible (CMCs) ofrecen una solución innovadora para producir bioenergía y tratar aguas residuales. La presente revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la producción de bioenergía a partir de lodo residual mediante celdas microbianas combustibles, a través de un análisis descriptivo de la literatura científica existente. Los resultados indican que las CMCs de una cámara logran hasta 2400 mW/m², superando a las de doble y triple cámara debido a menor resistencia interna. El pretratamiento alcalino y la fermentación del lodo incrementan el voltaje hasta 0,89 V con electrodos de grafito modificados. La relación C/N y una conductividad eléctrica superior a 1700 µS/cm mejoran la estabilidad y eficiencia energética, especialmente en lodos ricos en materia orgánica. Estos hallazgos demuestran que las CMCs son una alternativa sostenible para gestionar lodos residuales, reduciendo el impacto ambiental y optimizando la eficiencia energética en el tratamiento de aguas residuales.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Andrea Pantusin; Milena Patiño; Carlos Banchón
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