Estrategias de suplementación de zinc para adultos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.6115Palabras clave:
Zinc; Suplementos; Enfermedad.Resumen
El zinc es un elemento multifuncional, esencial para todos los procesos fisiológicos, que actúa como catalizador, elemento estructural y regulador. La deficiencia mineral se asocia con condiciones patológicas severas que surgen principalmente debido a la deficiencia en la dieta, la presencia de compuestos quelantes en los alimentos, alteraciones en el proceso de absorción gastrointestinal o niveles urinarios elevados. El zinc se ha utilizado durante mucho tiempo como agente terapéutico en el tratamiento complementario de diversas enfermedades. La suplementación con zinc demostró efectos beneficiosos, en situaciones de dietas pobres en productos animales o ricas en fitatos e incluso en individuos hipozincémicos. El objetivo del estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de las estrategias de suplementación de zinc en adultos durante los últimos diez años. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura que se desarrolló mediante la búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Pub Med, Science Direct y Scielo por dos investigadores de forma independiente. Se incluyeron 25 artículos en la revisión. La forma de suplementación más utilizada fue el sulfato de zinc (60% de los estudios) y el gluconato de zinc en el 24% de las encuestas. La dosis diaria varió entre 12 mg y 150 mg de zinc elemental, con una duración que varía de cuatro días a dieciocho meses. El zinc es esencial para la salud humana y su uso como suplemento ha sido frecuente en personas sanas y en la terapia auxiliar y la prevención de muchas enfermedades, con sulfato de zinc y gluconato como las principales formas de suplemento.
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