Caracterización química y potencial insecticida del aceite esencial de Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) contra Nauphoeta cinerea (Blaberidae)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i9.6412

Palabras clave:

Alfavaca-cravo; 1.8 Cineole; Actividad biológica; Bioinsecticida.

Resumen

Las plantas se consideran una rica fuente de compuestos bioactivos y un agente alternativo para el control de insectos. Entre ellos, los representantes de la familia Lamiaceae son los más conocidos por este potencial, ya que producen compuestos volátiles con actividades insecticidas, conocidos como aceites esenciales, como es el caso de Ocimum gratissimum. De esta manera, el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la composición química del aceite de las hojas de O. gratissimum y su potencial insecticida contra la cucaracha Nauphoeta cinerea. Para esto, el aceite esencial se caracterizó químicamente por medio de un cromatógrafo de gases acoplado a un espectrómetro de masas (CG/EM). En cuanto a la acción insecticida, se usaron ninfas (20 días) y la metodología de fumigación se usó en concentraciones que varían de 50 a 1000 μg de aceite por mL de aire. Las tasas de mortalidad se observaron cada 12 horas durante 1 día. Los resultados mostraron que el aceite esencial tiene propiedades insecticidas, ya que tenía una concentración letal media (CL50) de 516 µg/mL. Dicha propiedad puede estar relacionada con la composición heterogénea del aceite, que presentó 12 compuestos terpénicos, siendo 1.8 Cineol el compuesto principal (30.04%). Por lo tanto, el aceite esencial de O. gratissimum tiene una actividad insecticida y puede usarse para combatir las plagas, como en el caso de las cucarachas.

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Publicado

11/08/2020

Cómo citar

RODRIGUES, F. C.; ALMEIDA-BEZERRA, J. W.; FIDELIS, K. R.; COSTA, A. R.; SOUZA, M. A. de; COSTA, M. H. N. da; SANTOS, L. T. dos; GONÇALO, M. A. B. F. .; MENEZES, S. A. de; SOUSA, S. M. de; ARAUJO, E. K. R. de; BRAGA, A. V. P.; RIBEIRO, T. G.; COSTA, A. R. de S.; SANTOS, M. A. F. dos; NUNES, R. G. dos S.; ROCHA, M. I. Caracterización química y potencial insecticida del aceite esencial de Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) contra Nauphoeta cinerea (Blaberidae). Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 9, n. 9, p. e72996412, 2020. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v9i9.6412. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/6412. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas