Efectos inmediatos de la terapia de compresión isquémica en los puntos gatillo miofasciales del hombro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9801Palabras clave:
Dolor miofascial; Umbral de dolor a la presión; Dolor en el hombro.Resumen
Objetivo: Primero, evaluar el efecto inmediato de la terapia isquémica compresiva (TIC) sobre el dolor, la movilidad y la fuerza de los músculos del hombro en individuos con síndrome de impacto subacromial (SIS). En segundo lugar, verificar si el protocolo de evaluación de la fuerza y la movilidad influye en la cantidad de puntos gatillo miofasciales (PGM). Métodos: Estudio de grupo único con un total de 15 personas (6 mujeres y 9 hombres, 34,4±10,43 años; 24,20±2,18 Kg/m2) con síntomas clínicos de SIS unilateral. Todos los individuos fueron evaluados respecto al número de PGM en los músculos trapecio superior, trapecio inferior, supraespinoso, infraespinoso, pectoral menor y deltoides medio; umbral de dolor a la presión (LDP) en el trapecio superior, trapecio inferior, infraespinoso y deltoides medio; rango de movimiento (ROM) del hombro; fuerza isométrica de los músculos del hombro. Resultados: Hubo una reducción en la cantidad total de PMG (p<0.01) y un aumento del LDP en el músculo deltoides medio (p=0,03) en las comparaciones entre pre y postratamiento, mientras que no hubo diferencia en los ROM (p>0,05) y medidas de fuerza (p>0,24); sin embargo, el dolor fue menor durante el ROM de elevación sagital (p<0,01) y rotación interna (p=0,04), y durante la realización de elevación del brazo y fuerza de rotación externa (p=0,01). En general, no hubo diferencia en las variables evaluadas entre la línea de base y el pretratamiento (p>0,06). Conclusión: La TIC redujo inmediatamente la cantidad de PGM y el dolor durante la movilidad y la fuerza, pero no cambió las variables LDP, ROM o fuerza. La valoración de la movilidad y la fuerza no afectó negativamente a las variables evaluadas.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Jose Diego Sales do Nascimento; Francisco Alburquerque-Sendín; Laysla Carla de Castro Ferreira; Catarina de Oliveira Sousa
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