Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol dispersion in indoor air: scoping review

Anyele Albuquerque Lima; Izabelly Carollynny Maciel Nunes; José Leandro da Silva Duarte; Lucas Meili; Patricia de Carvalho  Nagliate; Alda Graciele Claudio dos Santos  Almeida

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14300

Autores/as

Anyele Albuquerque Lima Universidade Federal de Alagoas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7254-9412
Izabelly Carollynny Maciel Nunes Universidade Federal de Alagoas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5032-2759
José Leandro da Silva Duarte Universidade Federal de Alagoas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5641-0648
Lucas Meili Universidade Federal de Alagoas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-8204
Patricia de Carvalho Nagliate Universidade Federal de Alagoas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6715-0028
Alda Graciele Claudio dos Santos Almeida Universidade Federal de Alagoas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0406-8849

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14300

Palabras clave:

Coronavirus; Dispersión; COVID-19; Aerosol.

Resumen

Introducción: El SARS-CoV-2 es el agente infeccioso responsable del COVID-19, su transmisión ocurre a través de la liberación de gotitas. Sin embargo, la propagación a través de aerosoles se describe en la literatura como una de las posibles formas de transmisión del SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo: Identificar las principales características de dispersión de aerosoles con SARS-CoV-2 en el aire. Métodos: Scoping Review realizada en las bases de datos: National Library of Medicines - MEDLINE / vía Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library (VHL) y Cochrane Library, la búsqueda de literatura gris se realizó en Google Scholar, OpenGrey y Grey Literature Informe, durante marzo a mayo de 2020. Se utilizaron los descriptores: “coronavirus” y “aerosol”. La selección y ordenación de los datos se realizó siguiendo las pautas del protocolo de diagrama PRISMA flow y la herramienta de gestión de referencias EndNote. Resultados: Se seleccionaron 10 artículos, los cuales contenían características que pudieran influir en la dispersión de aerosoles conteniendo SARS-CoV-2, entre los que se destacaron: origen del aerosol; carga viral identificada en el aire (2,86 copias / litro de aire); tamaño de partícula de aerosol con carga viral (0,25 μm); dispersión (10 m); tiempo en el aire (3 h); influencia de la temperatura y la humedad relativa. Conclusión: Las partículas de aerosol con SARS-CoV-2 pueden tener una carga viral infecciosa, presentando un tamaño mínimo de hasta 0,25 μm, pudiendo llegar hasta 10 m y sobrevivir en el aire durante unas horas. Las variables temperatura y humedad relativa del aire no presentaron evidencias consistentes que prueben influir en la dispersión de los aerosoles con SARS-CoV-2.

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