Biofortificação agronômica de arroz e trigo com zinco: Um estudo metanalítico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15133Palavras-chave:
Produtividade; Conteúdo de Zinco nos grãos; Soberania alimentar; Nutrientes; Fome.Resumo
Uma dieta baseada em cereais pode resultar em carência de elementos minerais essenciais, entre eles o zinco (Zn) A disponibilização desse elemento nas dietas pode ser por meio de suplementos, fortificantes alimentares ou por meio da biofortificação agronômica (AB), prática que pode ser adotada por agricultores. Diferentes estudos são realizados em países com condições locais específicas e a metanálise permite combinar resultados quantitativos de diferentes estudos, proporcionando uma síntese de resultados com alta confiabilidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a resposta do arroz (Oryza spp.) E do trigo (Triticum spp.) À fertilização com zinco em relação à produtividade de grãos e acúmulo desse nutriente no grão. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática e selecionados 16 artigos científicos dos últimos 5 anos. Destes, 179 estudos foram obtidos. O tamanho do efeito da aplicação de Zn via folha e/ou solo em arroz e trigo em relação ao controle sem aplicação foi calculado por meio do logaritmo natural (lnR) entre a razão do grupo tratamento e do grupo controle para ambas as variáveis. A biofortificação agronômica com Zn aumenta o rendimento de grãos (7%) e o teor de zinco nos grãos (53%), dependendo da espécie da planta e da forma de fertilização (via solo ou por pulverização foliar). A biofortificação agronômica pode ser uma estratégia para combater a desnutrição e garantir a soberania alimentar.
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