Dengue, Zika Fever e Chikungunya: Aspectos Biológicos e Situação na América do Sul entre 2015 e 2020

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15539

Palavras-chave:

Arbovírus; Subnotificação; Epidemiologia.

Resumo

Arboviroses são doenças causadas por vírus transmitidos por artrópodes e afetam as Américas, incluindo a América do Sul, onde provocam impactos na economia e na saúde pública. Entre os mais de 500 vírus registrados no Catálogo Internacional de Arbovírus, destacam-se os que causam dengue, febre zika e chikungunya. Assim, este artigo compreende um estudo descritivo baseado em dados secundários, onde são comparados aspectos biológicos e diagnósticos em relação a essas três enfermidades, bem como avaliamos sua presença, entre 2015 e 2020, nos países que integram a porção continental sul-americana. Apesar do considerável progresso feito nos últimos anos para melhor compreender os aspectos moleculares dos agentes etiológicos e das condições clínicas, o cenário é complexo e os três arbovírus causaram surtos na América do Sul, no período descrito, em proporções diferentes, e a dengue a mais comum, cujas taxas de incidência variam a cada ano analisado. O combate aos arbovírus deve ser permanente e requer políticas intersetoriais bem fundamentadas e responsabilidade individual. As intervenções governamentais precisam estreitar-se para implementar medidas de combate, e os sistemas de saúde e educação poderiam se alinhar de forma mais eficaz a fim de um trabalho mais forte de sensibilização que seja desencadeado desde os alunos da educação básica, auxiliando na educação continuada da população a favor da uma sociedade mais orientada e prudente. Também é necessário refletir sobre a eficácia dos sistemas de informações a fim de minimizar o problema da subnotificação, que impede de mostrar o real cenário dessas doenças.

Biografia do Autor

Raquel Bezerra da Silva, Universidade Federal da Paraiba

Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Maria Isabela Ferreira de Araujo, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

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03/06/2021

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SILVA, R. B. da; ARAUJO, M. I. F. de; BARBOSA, P. P. de S. Dengue, Zika Fever e Chikungunya: Aspectos Biológicos e Situação na América do Sul entre 2015 e 2020. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 6, p. e36710615539, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15539. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/15539. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2024.

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