What are the scientific facts about the symptoms and treatment of COVID-19 in the pediatric population? A systematic review with overview

Vitória Monteiro Monte  Oliveira; Paulo Francisco de  Almeida-Neto; Francisca Dalila Paiva Damasceno de  Lima; Stefanny Karla Ferreira de  Sousa; André Carvalho de  Sousa; Ruth Silva  Galdino; Dihogo Gama de  Matos; Alexandre Bulhões-Correia; Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco  Cabral; Glaucia Posso  Lima

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18386

Autores

Vitória Monteiro Monte Oliveira Universidade Estadual do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4606-9367
Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2860-2260
Francisca Dalila Paiva Damasceno de Lima Universidade Estadual do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2415-9652
Stefanny Karla Ferreira de Sousa Universidade Estadual do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-2714
André Carvalho de Sousa Universidade Estadual do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-1351
Ruth Silva Galdino Universidade Estadual do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4936-8888
Dihogo Gama de Matos Universidade de Manitoba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7394-8527
Alexandre Bulhões-Correia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9975-8625
Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco Cabral Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9966-9956
Glaucia Posso Lima Universidade Estadual do Ceará https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5000-2050

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18386

Palavras-chave:

Crianças; Adolescentes; COVID-19; Revisão sistemática.

Resumo

Considerando a menor prevalência de pacientes pediátricos com COVID-19, os profissionais de saúde estão mais familiarizados com as intervenções destinadas a adultos; assim, compreender os sintomas e quais condutas podem ser úteis para pacientes pediátricos com COVID-19 é importante para os profissionais de saúde. O estudo objetivou agregar dados científicos sobre procedimentos e tratamentos realizados em pacientes pediátricos (de 6 a 17 anos) com COVID-19. Uma busca sistemática da literatura foi realizada em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas (i.e., PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar e LILACS). As análises da literatura foram realizadas nos idiomas inglês e chinês, entre novembro de 2019 e dezembro de 2020. Para a classificação dos dados, foi utilizado o aplicativo web Rayyan®. Na maioria dos casos, as crianças são assintomáticas. Porém, quando sintomáticos, apresentam febre, tosse, infecção intestinal e vômitos. Vale ressaltar que a frequência respiratória e os exames de fezes foram indicadores significativos da doença. Em relação ao tratamento, o suporte de oxigênio é essencial durante a internação dos pacientes e, a terapia antiviral com Lopinavir e Ritonavir tem mostrado resultados significativos em casos isolados. Concluiu-se que os principais sintomas da SARS-CoV-2 em pacientes pediátricos são sintomas leves semelhantes aos da gripe comum. Além disso, a frequência respiratória e os exames com base em amostras fecais são bons indicadores da doença em crianças de ambos os sexos, assim como as terapias antivirais e o isolamento precoce no início da doença são importantes para o processo de cicatrização.

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Quais são os fatos científicos sobre os sintomas e o tratamento de COVID-19 na população pediátrica? Uma revisão sistemática com visão geral

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