Reconhecimento de padrões em FPGA para aplicações aeroespaciais

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.19181

Palavras-chave:

Satélites inteligentes; Inteligência artificial em hardware; Visão computacional; Inteligência artificial em tempo real; Aprendizagem de máquina; Nanosatélites; Morfologia matemática; Aplicações aeroespaciais; Reconhecimento de padrões; Sensoriamento remoto.

Resumo

Esse trabalho apresenta uma técnica de reconhecimento de padrões baseada em Morfologia Matemática-MM, implementada em FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). A estratégia para o êxito dessa abordagem consiste na utilização das vantagens do paradigma de aprendizagem de máquina aplicado em operadores morfológicos de casamento de padrões invariantes à translação. Esse artigo mostra que a composição de simples operadores elementares da MM baseados em ELUTS (Elementary Look-Up Tables) são adequados para aplicações embarcadas em FPGA. Esse artigo também mostra as técnicas de desenvolvimento do sistema de reconhecimento de padrões, desde a modelagem matemática dos operadores morfológicos até a implementação do dispositivo eletrônico usando o software System Generator. Em geral, as operações para o processamento de imagens em FPGAs são implementadas em baixo nível de abstração das linguagens de descrição de hardware-HDL. Isto gera alta complexidade na implementação de operações em imagens ao nível de pixel. No entanto, esse trabalho apresenta um dispositivo reconfigurável aplicado ao reconhecimento de padrões implementado em FPGA, a partir da simulação da modelagem matemática usando o ambiente de software Matlab/Simulink/System Generator. Essa estratégia reduz a complexidade do desenvolvimento em hardware. O dispositivo apresentado deverá ser útil principalmente quando aplicado em tarefas de sensoriamento remoto para missões aeroespaciais através de sensores passivos ou ativos.

Biografia do Autor

Francisco de Assis Tavares Ferreira da Silva, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais

Francisco A. Tavares F. da Silva received the B.Sc. in electrical and electronic engineering from Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande-RN, Brazil, in 1986, the M.Sc. in electronic and computer engineering from Aeronautics Institute of Technology, São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil, in 1993 and the D.Sc. degree from National Institute for Space Research (INPE) São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil, in 1998. Since 1986 he has worked at INPE and currently conducts research in digital signal processing applied to pattern recognition and telecommunications.

Magno Prudêncio de Almeida Filho, Federal University of Ceara

Magno Prudêncio de Almeida Filho received the B.Sc. degree in telecommunication engineering from the University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, in 2008. M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, in 2016 and D.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil in 2020. From 2011 to 2015, through a partnership between the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) and the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) he performed research at INPE in digital communications, signal processing for satellite communication, digital image processing, pattern recognition and RADAR signal processing. His main research interest include communications theory, space communications, digital signal processing, digital image processing, artificial neural networks, FPGA, embedded systems, control theory, model-based controllers and control of dead-time systems.

Antonio Macilio Pereira de Lucena, National Institute for Space Research

Antonio Macilio Pereira de Lucena received the B.Sc. degree in electronics engineering from Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA), São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil, in 1980, the M.Sc. degree in space telecommunications and electronics from National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil, in 1986, and the D.Sc. degree in teleinformatics engineering from Federal University of Ceara (UFC), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil, in 2006.
He is with INPE since 1983 where he has been involved in various projects in the areas of satellite communications, electronics, and radio-astronomy. Since 2007, he is also professor at University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza-CE, Brazil. His present research interests include modulations, space communications, signal processing, and communication theory.

Alexandre Guirland Nowosad, National Institute for Space Research

Alexandre Guirland Nowosad received the B. Sc. degree in electronics engineering from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazi, in 1987, the M.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering from NYU, USA, in 1988, and the D.Sc. degree from National Institute for Space Research (INPE) São José dos Campos-SP, Brazil, in 2001.
Since 1988 he has worked at INPE in signal processing applications in meteorology, environmental science and space communications.

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14/09/2021

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SILVA, F. de A. T. F. da .; ALMEIDA FILHO, M. P. de .; LUCENA, A. M. P. de; NOWOSAD, A. G. . Reconhecimento de padrões em FPGA para aplicações aeroespaciais. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 12, p. e83101219181, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i12.19181. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/19181. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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