Avaliação química, biológica e farmacológica do extrato aquoso de Ilex paraguariensis, St. Hill. (Aquifoliaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25335Palavras-chave:
Erva mate; Gastroproteção; Fenólicos; Marcadores bioquimicos; Atividade antimicrobiana; Antioxidantes.Resumo
Este estudo teve como objetivo quantificar os teores fenólicos e flavonóides totais no extrato aquoso de Ilex paraguariensis (EIP) e investigar suas propriedades antioxidantes, antimicrobianas, antiulcerogênicas e antidepressivas com verificação concomitante de seus efeitos em parâmetros bioquímicos relevantes por meio de modelos in vivo. O EIP possui em sua composição 236,28 ± 11,83 mg GAE/g de fenólicos totais e 44,07 ± 5,56 mg QE/g de flavonóides totais corroborando com sua atividade antioxidante. Ensaios antimicrobianos contra bactérias gram-positivas (Staphylococcus aureus e Enterococcus faecalis) e gram-negativas (Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa) mostraram uma promissora atividade do EIP. O EIP administrado em doses de 500 e 1000 mg/kg evitou o desenvolvimento de úlceras gástricas induzidas em ratos após imobilização a 4 °C, contudo, nas úlceras induzidas por etanol não foram observados efeitos significativos até dose de 1000 mg/kg. A secreção gástrica e o índice de acidez total em ratos com ligadura no piloro foram reduzidos após o tratamento com EIP e o pH não alterou significativamente em comparação com o controle no modelo testado. A administração de EIP em camundongos (250, 500 e 1000 mg/kg) alterou significativamente o tempo de sono induzido por barbitúricos e os resultados da suspensão da cauda e do teste de natação forçada. Doses repetidas de EIP não alteraram significativamente os marcadores bioquímicos avaliados (glicemia, uréia, creatinina, triglicerídeos e colesterol total). Os resultados indicam que EIP pode aliviar distúrbios gastrointestinais, reduzindo a secreção gástrica e diminuindo o tempo de imobilidade em camundongos, sugerindo um efeito antidepressivo. Notavelmente, a administração de doses múltiplas de EIP foi considerada preliminarmente segura.
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