Avanços na reforma autotérmica do etanol para produção de gás hidrogênio: uma revisão
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i5.3070Palavras-chave:
Reforma autotérmica de etanol; catalisadores; projeto de reatores; modelagem e simulação.Resumo
A preocupação com o aquecimento global e o alto consumo de combustíveis fósseis levou alguns países a buscar e investir em novas fontes de energia que sejam eficientes e menos poluentes. Entre essas alternativas, as células a combustível de hidrogênio são uma solução potencial que pode gerar energia limpa. Devido a produção industrial de hidrogênio ser realizada pela reforma a vapor do metano, que utiliza matéria-prima não renovável e é endotérmica (resultando em altos custos de energia), a reforma autotérmica do etanol vem se apresentando como uma tecnologia interessante, pois combina uma matéria-prima renovável com as reações de reforma (endotérmica) e oxidação parcial (exotérmica), conseguindo assim a auto-suficiência energética no processo de conversão de etanol em hidrogênio. Apesar dos vários estudos referentes a reforma autotérmica do etanol, para nosso conhecimento nenhum artigo apresentou uma revisão detalhada dos principais avanços realizados nos últimos anos para esse processo. Assim, esta revisão apresenta os principais resultados para a reforma autotérmica do etanol, nos últimos anos, em três áreas principais: Catalisadores, Projeto de Reatores e Modelagem / Simulação. Este trabalho identificou que os maiores avanços foram feitos no desenvolvimento de novos catalisadores e no projeto de reatores, enquanto a área de modelagem/simulação ainda possui poucos estudos para descrever com eficiência a termodinâmica da reforma autotérmica do etanol.
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