Organização, necessidades nutricionais e suplementação artificial para abelhas Apis Mellifera

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31453

Palavras-chave:

Apis Mellifera; Alimentação artificial; Colmeia; Pólen; Mel.

Resumo

As abelhas Apis mellifera coletam um conjunto de substâncias da natureza para assegurarem a sua sobrevivência, nomeadamente o néctar, que é a principal fonte em carboidratos e utilizado para produção de energia, o pólen da onde retiram as proteínas, minerais, vitaminas e lipídeos e a água que atua no controle da temperatura e umidade da colmeia. O consumo de carboidratos ocorre em todas as fases do desenvolvimento das abelhas, porém na fase adulta a dieta é quase exclusiva à base destas substâncias, necessitando uma abelha de aproximadamente 4 mg de açúcar por dia para sobreviver. A suplementação artificial fornecida para as abelhas pelos apicultores surgiu como uma prática de sobrevivência e manutenção das atividades da colmeia. Pastas e xaropes de mel, sacarose, açucares invertidos, xaropes de milho de elevado teor em frutose (HFCS) e outros xaropes de frutas são oferecidos como suplemento energético em períodos de escassez de néctar, como em condições climáticas adversas enquanto que dietas proteicas a base de farinha de soja, albumina, farinha de arroz, farinha de milho, entre outras, servem como estratégia para o apicultor aumentar a criação, produzir rainhas, multiplicar comeias, entre outros fatores de interesse. Dessa forma, o trabalho teve como objetivo revisar o estilo de vida e as necessidades nutricionais das abelhas dessa espécie, assim como exemplificar os tipos de suplementos alimentares existentes e em que circunstâncias melhor se aplicam, auxiliando os apicultores na escolha da alimentação mais adequada.

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07/07/2022

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ZANGIROLAMI, M. de S.; SANTOS JUNIOR, O. de O. Organização, necessidades nutricionais e suplementação artificial para abelhas Apis Mellifera. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 9, p. e22211931453, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i9.31453. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/31453. Acesso em: 1 jul. 2024.

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