Osteonecrose dos maxilares associada a medicamentos e o papel do cirurgião-dentista: uma revisão de literatura

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i4.41284

Palavras-chave:

Difosfonatos; Osteonecrose da arcada osseodentária associada a difosfonatos; Papel do dentista.

Resumo

Introdução: A Osteonecrose dos Maxilares Associada a Medicamentos (MRONJ) é uma condição que pode acometer pacientes submetidos a cirurgias orais que usam medicamentos antirreabsortivos. É imprescindível que o cirurgião-dentista (CD) conheça a patologia e saiba como a diagnosticar, prevenir e manejar. Objetivos: realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a MRONJ e orientar o CD para as melhores condutas e manejo desses pacientes. Metodologia: foi realizada uma busca sistematizada na plataforma de dados PubMed com os termos: “diphosphonates”, “dentist's practice pattern”, “dentists”, “Dentist's Role”, “Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw” e seleção de 29 artigos em inglês, publicados nos últimos 5 anos. Resultados e discussão: a MRONJ é uma exposição de osso necrótico por mais de 8 semanas em pacientes que fazem uso de medicamentos antirreabsortivos. É multifatorial e sua gravidade depende da dose, via de administração e do tempo de uso do medicamento. Sua abordagem deve ser multidisciplinar para melhorar a qualidade de vida do paciente. O CD deve atuar na prevenção. Todo paciente deve passar por uma avaliação de saúde oral antes do início da terapia e deve ser informado dos riscos e benefícios. A maioria dos CDs não possui segurança para manejar adequadamente esses pacientes, apesar da percepção sobre a MRONJ ser mais bem difundida entre CDs mais novos e com menos tempo de formados. Conclusão: A MRONJ é uma condição prejudicial para o paciente e é dever do CD saber atuar no tratamento e prevenção, através de conhecimento adequado da patologia, e tomar decisões baseadas em referências científicas atualizadas.

Biografia do Autor

Juliana Lima de Oliveira Amorim Cabral, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

Aluna de graduação de Odontologia pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). Aluna bolsista do Programa de Educação Tutorial da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFRJ (PET Odontologia UFRJ). Aluna de iniciação científica na área de Periodontia.  

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17/04/2023

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CABRAL, J. L. de O. A. .; SANTIAGO, S. B. S. .; SILVA , N. S. da .; SILVA, L. C. B. F. da .; SILVA-BOGHOSSIAN, C. M. .; TUÑAS, I. T. de C. . Osteonecrose dos maxilares associada a medicamentos e o papel do cirurgião-dentista: uma revisão de literatura . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 4, p. e24212441284, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i4.41284. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/41284. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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Ciências da Saúde