Manifestações clínicas e manejo do envenenamento por espécies do gênero Tityus: Uma revisão sistemática

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i2.45161

Palavras-chave:

Manifstações clínicas; Escorpiões; Picadas de escorpião; Revisão sistemática.

Resumo

Escorpionismo, ou quadro clínico de envenenamento causado por picada de escorpião, é um problema de saúde pública na América do Sul. As manifestações clínicas e de manejo são variadas e complexas e ainda não há consenso na literatura sobre esses aspectos. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática é descrever as manifestações clínicas, bem como o tratamento após envenenamento por escorpião pelo gênero Tityus. As bases de dados online PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e SciELO foram sistematicamente pesquisadas em busca de publicações relevantes até março de 2022. Não foram impostas restrições de idioma e idade. A busca na literatura gerou 476 referências e 23 estudos foram incluídos na revisão sistemática, de acordo com os critérios de inclusão desta revisão. O número de participantes estudados foi 7.781. A espécie Tityus serrulatus foi encontrada na maioria dos estudos. O tempo decorrido entre o acidente e o atendimento médico variou de 15 minutos a mais de 6 horas. Os tratamentos realizados nos estudos selecionados incluem soro antiescorpiônico, corticosteroides, anestésicos, antieméticos, agentes inotrópicos, anti-hipertensivos e benzodiazepínicos. Em seis estudos, foram observados casos fatais em cinco crianças de 1 a 6 anos e um, em crianças < 14 anos. Concluímos que o manejo do envenenamento pelo gênero Tityus é de suporte e focado nos sintomas do paciente. Em casos graves, são indicados antivenenos, se disponíveis. Medicamentos para monitorar sintomas vagais e adrenérgicos são incentivados. Este estudo tem potencial para auxiliar profissionais que lidam com envenenamentos causados pelo gênero Tityus.

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01/03/2024

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MATOS, I. M. de .; SANTOS, F. F. .; MARÇAL, F. L. .; SILVA, L. D. .; SILVA, M. Manifestações clínicas e manejo do envenenamento por espécies do gênero Tityus: Uma revisão sistemática. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 2, p. e1302345161, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i2.45161. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/45161. Acesso em: 16 jun. 2024.

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