Manejo da osteomielite em ferida de adultos: Aspectos diagnósticos

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45515

Palavras-chave:

Diagnóstico; Osteomielite; Ferimentos e lesões; Adulto; Enfermagem; Equipe de assistência ao paciente.

Resumo

Objetivo: elaborar um guia clínico para um Hospital Universitário Federal do Rio de Janeiro, com base na identificação e análise científica sobre métodos diagnósticos utilizados para detectar osteomielite em feridas de adultos. Metodologia: revisão integrativa, cujos critérios de inclusão foram artigos completos sobre o tema, publicados a partir de 2018, em português, espanhol ou inglês. Excluídos estudos animais, menores de 18 anos, relatos de caso e projetos. A busca sistematizada ocorreu mediante Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) e Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Resultados: 470 artigos identificados, após remoção de duplicatas e avaliação por dois pesquisadores, 50 incluídos e analisados, sendo a maioria de origem americana (34%) e publicados por médicos (96%). Sobre questões diagnósticas, os sinais clínicos mais citados para avaliação preditiva foram sinais de flogose (54%) e exposição óssea (40%). Exames laboratoriais - cultura microbiológica (90%), proteína C reativa (68%) e velocidade de hemossedimentação (68%) compatíveis com avaliação infecciosa e inflamatória. Sobre imagens, a radiografia liderou com 70% das indicações de rastreio conjugada com o sinal clínico de percussão óssea, seguida da ressonância magnética (58%). Sobre exames invasivos, biópsia óssea (82%) apareceu como padrão-ouro. Conclusão: com os artigos analisados não foi possível apontar consenso sobre hierarquização dos processos diagnósticos, mas foi possível evidenciar recomendações clínicas, laboratoriais, de imagem e cirúrgica que podem auxiliar o enfermeiro na prática clínica a fazer o diagnóstico precoce, encaminhando para os demais profissionais, evitando o aumento de morbimortalidade de um problema de saúde pública.

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14/04/2024

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PINTO, V. V. G. .; DI PIERO, K. C. .; VIEIRA, B. M. de C. de L. . Manejo da osteomielite em ferida de adultos: Aspectos diagnósticos . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 13, n. 4, p. e4513445515, 2024. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v13i4.45515. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/45515. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

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Ciências da Saúde