Economic impact of hospitalizations due to leishmaniasis in southern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.31139Keywords:
Leishmaniasis; Hospitalization; Epidemiological Monitoring; Health expenditures.Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the hospital morbidity related to leishmaniasis in a state of Southern Brazil and to analyse the management of the financial resources regarding hospital expenses. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The cases of hospital admissions due to leishmaniasis recorded in the state of Paraná between 2008-2018 were obtained by consulting the IT Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), Brazil. The profile of the hospitalized patients, the character of medical care and expenses with hospital service were investigated. The data were statistically analysed on Epi Info™ version 3.5.4. Results: The study recorded 3,927 confirmed cases and 61 hospital admissions caused by cutaneous leishmaniasis (31.77%), 42 mucocutaneous (21.88%), 18 visceral (9.37%) and 71 unspecified clinical form (36.98%). Most patients were male (79.17%, 152), of white race (68.75%, 132) and older than 30 (81.77%, 157). The higher number of hospital admissions was due to urgency service (85.41%, 164). The total amount spent on hospitalizations varied in these ten years, with a minimum value of US$1,205.43 and a maximum of US$5,073.94. Joinpoint regression program 4.6.0. was used for the trend analysis. Conclusions: The expenditures with tertiary care for the treatment of patients with leishmaniasis reflect the need to strengthen basic health care. We believe that the development of health education activities with the population to prevent the leishmaniasis transmission reduces the number of new cases, while the early diagnosis of the disease can avoid medical complications and consequently decrease the costs of hospitalizations.
References
Blanco, V. R., & Nascimento-Júnior, N. M. (2017). Leishmaniasis: General Aspects Related with the Disease, the Parasite Cycle, Available Drugs, Novel Prototypes and Vaccines. Revista Virtual de Química, 9(3), 861-876.
Datasus. (2018). SUS Hospital Admissions by Place of Hospitalization - Technical Notes. Datasus. Retrieved in Nov 23, 2018 from http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/sih/rxdescr.htm#topo.
Decree no. 9,255, of December 29, 2017. (2017). Regulates Law no. 13,152, of July 29, 2015, which provides for the minimum wage and its long-term valuation policy. The Brazilian Official Gazette. Brasília.
Dias, T. P., Versteg, N., Jardim, G. C., Borges, L. V., Leal, K. B., Gressler, R. P., Figueiredo, F. B., Cleff, M. B. (2022). Visceral leishmaniasis in southern Brazil: critical analysis of epidemiological evolution. Research, Society and Development, 11(5), e45711528361.
Donato, L. E., Lima Júnior, F. E. F., Albuquerque, R., & Gomes, M. L. S. (2013). Surveillance and control reservoirs of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: technical and legal aspects. Revista de Educação Continuada em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia do CRMV-SP, 11(2), 18-23.
Elm, E. V., Altman, D. G, Egger. M, Pocock, S. J., Gotzsche, P. C., Vandenbroucke, J. P. (2008). The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 61(4), 344-349.
Ferreira, A. W., & Moraes, S. L. (2015). Laboratory diagnosis of major infectious and autoimmune diseases (3a. ed). Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan.
Figueiredo, E. C., Jr., Silva, A. F., Oliveira, A. N., Marques, M. H. V. P., Pereira, J. V. (2020). American tegumentary leishmaniasis: epidemiological profile of reported cases in Brazil between the years 2009 to 2018 and considerations about aspects and manifestations of dental importance. Research, Society and Development, 9(9), e872997950.
Iddawela, D., Vithana, S. M. P., Atapattu, D., Wijekoon, L. (2018). Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. BMC Infectious Diseases, 18.
Ipardes. (2013). The Municipal Human Development Index according to Federation Units – Brazil. Ipardes. Retrieved in Nov 21, 2018 from http://www.ipardes.gov.br/pdf/indices/IDHM_unidades_federacao_brasil.pdf.
Ipea. (2018). Exchange rate - R$ / US$ - commercial - sale - average. Ipeadata. Retrieved in Nov 23, 2018 from http://www.ipeadata.gov.br/ExibeSerie.aspx?serid=31924&module=M&chart=ChartsImage40417902344583176.
Mcgwire, B. S., & Satoskar, A. R. (2014). Leishmaniasis: clinical syndromes and treatment. QJM, 107(1), 7-14.
Melo, H. A, Rossoni, D. F., & Teodoro, U. (2017). Spatial distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Plos One, 12(9).
Ministry of Health of Brazil. (2017a). Health Surveillance Indicators described according to a race/color variable, Brazil. Brasília.
Ministry of Health of Brazil. (2014). Manual of surveillance and control of visceral leishmaniasis. Brasília.
Ministry of Health of Brazil. (2017b). Manual for Surveillance of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Brasília.
Okwor, I., & Uzonna, J. (2016). Social and economic burden of human leishmaniasis. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 94(3), 489-493.
Oliveira, L. C., Moreira, N. M. (2021). Epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil and in international border regions. Research, Society and Development, 10(12), e549101220684.
Pan American Health Organization. (2018). Epidemiological Report in the Americas. Washington.
Pan American Health Organization. (2017). Neglected Infectious Disease: Leishmaniasis. Washington.
Pelissari, D. M., Cechinel, M. P., Sousa-Gomes, M. L., & Lima Júnior, F. E. F. L. (2011). Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis and American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Brazil. Epidemiology and Health Services, 20(1), 107-110.
Ready, P. D. (2014). Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis. Clinical Epidemiology, 6, 147-154.
Reis, A. C. S. M., Borges, D. P. L., D’Ávila, V. G. F. C., Barbosa, M. S., Ternes, Y. M. F., Santiago, S. B., & Santos, R. S. (2016). The scenario of public policies in Brazil in the face of neglected diseases. Saúde & Ciência em Ação, 3(1), 99-107.
Rossi, M., & Fasel, N. (2017). How to master the host immune system? Leishmania parasites have the solutions!. International Immunology, 30(3), 103-111.
Sakib, B., Croft, S. L., Boelaert, M. (2018). Leishmaniasis. Lancet, 392, 951–970.
Silva, M. V. (2003). Leishmaniasis. Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Sorocaba, 5(2), 13-17.
Singh, O. P., Singh, B., Chakravarty, J., & Sundar, S. (2016). Current challenges in treatment options for visceral leishmaniasis in India: a public health perspective. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 5.
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). (2010a). 2010 Demographic Census. IBGE. Retrieved in May 30, 2020 from https://sidra.ibge.gov.br/tabela/2094#/n1/all/n2/all/n3/all/v/1000093/p/last%201/c86/allxt/c133/0/d/v1000093%201/l/v,p+c86,t+c133/resultado.
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). (1990). Regional division of Brazil into geographic mesoregions and microregions. Rio de Janeiro.
The Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). (2010b). Synopsis of the 2010 Demographic Census – Resident population, by age groups, according to municipalities and sex. IBGE. Retrieved in May 30, 2020 from: https://censo2010.ibge.gov.br/sinopse/index.php?dados=26&uf=41.
Tonelli, G. B., Tanure, A., Rego, F. D., Carvalho, G. M. L., Stumpp, R., Ássimos, G. R., Campos, A. M., Lima, A. C. V. M. R., Gontijo, C. M. F., Paz, G. F., & Andrade Filho, J. D. (2017). Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis infection in wild small mammals in ecotourism area of Brazil. PloS one, 12(12).
Trench, F. J. P., Ritt, A. G., Gewehr, T. A., Leandro, A. S., Chiyo, L., & RittGewehr, M. (2016). First Report of autochthonous visceral leishmaniasis in humans in Foz Do Iguaçu, Paraná State, Southern Brazil. Annals of Clinical Cytology and Pathology, 2(6).
Zijlstra, E. E. (2014). PKDL and other dermal lesions in HIV co-infected patients with Leishmaniasis: review of clinical presentation in relation to immune responses. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(11).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Karla Larissa Trassi Ganaza Domingues; Cínthia Akemi Tanoshi; Isabella Harumi Yonehara Noma; Maria Dalva de Barros Carvalho; Sandra Marisa Pelloso; Marcia Edilaine Lopes Consolaro; Sandra Mara Alessi Aristides; Izabel Galhardo Demarchi; Raissa Bocchi Pedroso; Maria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.