The Impact of Peer-Assisted Learning in a Brazilian Medical Course

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43471

Keywords:

Methodology; Medical education; Medical students; Professors; Teaching.

Abstract

Introduction: In consideration of the need for constant communication and exchange of experiences to obtain knowledge, academic monitoring plays out a fundamental tool in the teaching-learning process. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) program on the development of its participants, with the goal of improving professional skills for the professional market. Objectives: This study analyzes the perception of those involved in the PAL program and the way in which the process affects the development of the participants, impacting learning, teaching, and interpersonal relationships. The objective is to evaluate educational praxis in medical education. Methods: The study used questionnaires with Likert scale questions to collect responses from students, tutors, and professors. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the responses were performed, and Fisher's Exact test was used to verify the associations between the groups' answers. Results: Overall, 203 responses were collected, consisting of 165 from students, 28 from tutors, and 10 from professors. The study found that both students and tutors recognize the learning gain and expertise on the subject by the tutors, which helps in understanding. The PAL program was seen by both tutors and students as contributing to academic growth. Conclusion: The PAL program was found to positively influence the performance of students and the academic life of tutors, with academic achievement and the acquisition of essential skills and competencies for professional accomplishment.

References

Ahmed, Y., Taha, M. H., Al-Neel, S., & Gaffar, A. M. (2018). Students’ perception of the learning environment and its relation to their study year and performance in Sudan. International Journal of Medical Education, 9, 145–150. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5af0.1fee

AlShareef, S. M., Aldayel, A. Y., Alghamdi, H. M., Alosaimi, M. B., Alharbi, M. M., Aldayel, A. A., & Alhussain, H. A. (2019). Perceptions On Reciprocal Peer Teaching Among Medical Students As Learners And As Tutors. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Volume 10, 817–827. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s220728

Arrand, K. (2009). What does “peer” mean in Teaching Observation for the Professional Development of Higher Educational Lecturers. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher EducationVol, 21(1), 25–35. https://uobrep.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10547/335931/Peer-tutoring.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Barbosa, L. B. de M., Goulart, B. F., Bracarense, C. F., Rezende, M. P., Vicente, N. G., & Simões, A. L. de A. (2017). A monitoria de educação em saúde na enfermagem: relato de experiência. Rev. Enferm. UFPE on Line, 2979–2984. https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-32471

Barbosa, M. G., Azevedo, M. E. O., & Oliveira, M. C. A. (2014). Contribuições da monitoria acadêmica para o processo de formação inicial docente de licenciandas do curso de ciências biológicas da FACEDI/UECE. Revista da SBEnBio, 1(7), 5471-5479.

Belsi, A., & Murtagh, G. M. (2018). Peer tutoring in clinical communication teaching: the experience of 1st year students and their peer tutors. MedEdPublish, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2018.0000135.1

Blohm, M., Lauter, J., Branchereau, S., Krautter, M., Köhl-Hackert, N., Jünger, J., Herzog, W., & Nikendei, C. (2015). “Peer-assisted learning” (PAL) in the Skills-Lab--an inventory at the medical faculties of the Federal Republic of Germany. GMS Zeitschrift Fur Medizinische Ausbildung, 32(1), Doc10. https://doi.org/10.3205/zma000952

Brasil. (2001). Resolução CNE/CES nº 4, de 7 de novembro de 2001. Institui Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Graduação em Medicina. Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil.

Bugaj, T. J., Blohm, M., Schmid, C., Koehl, N., Huber, J., Huhn, D., Herzog, W., Krautter, M., & Nikendei, C. (2019). Peer-assisted learning (PAL): skills lab tutors’ experiences and motivation. BMC Medical Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1760-2

Bulte, C., Betts, A., Garner, K., & Durning, S. (2007). Student teaching: views of student near-peer teachers and learners. Medical Teacher, 29(6), 583–590. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590701583824

Burgess, A., Dornan, T., Clarke, A. J., Menezes, A., & Mellis, C. (2016). Peer tutoring in a medical school: perceptions of tutors and tutees. BMC Medical Education, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0589-1

Carr, S. E., Brand, G., Wei, L., Wright, H., Nicol, P., Metcalfe, H., Saunders, J., Payne, J., Seubert, L., & Foley, L. (2016). “Helping someone with a skill sharpens it in your own mind”: a mixed method study exploring health professions students experiences of Peer Assisted Learning (PAL). BMC Medical Education, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0566-8

Capstick, S. (2004). Benefits and Shortcomings of Peer Assisted Learning (PAL) in Higher Education: an appraisal by students. Peer Assisted Learning Conference.

Centena, E. L., Nunes, A. M. A., Alves, S. de P., Souza, A. M. M. de, Melo, V. de A. F. L., Müller, M. B., Oliveira, J. C. B. de, Alegre, L. B. L. P., Borba, P. R. dos S., & Rodrigues, M. M. (2022). Perceptions of teachers from a field school about the use of Active Methodologies: a case. Research, Society and Development, 11(14), e389111436319.

Chaudhuri, A., Ray, B., & Koner, S. (2018). To Study the Effect of Peer Assisted Learning on Academic Performance and Perceived Stress Scores Among First MBBS Students in a College of West Bengal. International Journal of Research & Review (Www.ijrrjournal.com), 5, 11. https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR_Vol.5_Issue.11_Nov2018/IJRR0035.pdf

Chou, C. L., Johnston, C. B., Singh, B., Garber, J. D., Kaplan, E., Lee, K., & Teherani, A. (2011). A “Safe Space” for Learning and Reflection: One Schoolʼs Design for Continuity With a Peer Group Across Clinical Clerkships. Academic Medicine, 86(12), 1560–1565. https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31823595fd

de Menezes, S., & Premnath, D. (2016). Near-peer education: a novel teaching program. International Journal of Medical Education, 7, 160–167. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5738.3c28

Fallaha, M. A., Pagarkar, A., & Lucas, N. (2018). Peer-assisted learning: a medical student perspective. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Volume 9, 143–145. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s160165

Figueiredo, T. da C., Filippin, N. T., & Vendrusculo, A. P. (2016). Percepção dos discentes de fisioterapia acerca da monitoria acadêmica. Fisioterapia Brasil, 17(5), 450–456. https://doi.org/10.33233/fb.v17i5.680

Freire, P. (2006). Pedagogia da Autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa. Edição 25. Paz e Terra.

Guraya, S. Y., & Abdalla, M. E. (2020). Determining the effectiveness of peer-assisted learning in medical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 15(3), 177–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.05.002

Herrmann-Werner, A., Gramer, R., Erschens, R., Nikendei, C., Wosnik, A., Griewatz, J., Zipfel, S., & Junne, F. (2017). Peer-assisted learning (PAL) in undergraduate medical education: An overview. Zeitschrift Für Evidenz, Fortbildung Und Qualität Im Gesundheitswesen, 121, 74–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zefq.2017.01.001

Hongkan, W., Arora, R., Muenpa, R., & Chamnan, P. (2018). Perception of educational environment among medical students in Thailand. International Journal of Medical Education, 9, 18–23. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5a4a.1eda

Jawhari, A. A., Safhi, M. A., Magadmi, M. M., Alobaidi, R. H., Alghamdi, K. M., Basyouni, R. N., Saggaf, O. M., Yasawy, M. A., & Magadmi, R. M. (2021). Effect of Peer-Assisted Learning on Enhancing Clinical Research Skills Among Medical Students: Students’ and Tutors’ Perceptions. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, Volume 12, 685–696. https://doi.org/10.2147/amep.s315041

Kassab, S., Abu-Hijleh, M. F., Al-Shboul, Q., & Hamdy, H. (2005). Student-led tutorials in problem-based learning: educational outcomes and students’ perceptions. Medical Teacher, 27(6), 521–526. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590500156186

Khaw, C., & Raw, L. (2016). The outcomes and acceptability of near-peer teaching among medical students in clinical skills. International Journal of Medical Education, 7, 188–194. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5749.7b8b

Lima, P., Silva, R. S. e ., Guedert, D. G. ., Cerqueira, G. dos S. ., & Souza, E. P. de . (2022). The participation of human anatomy monitoring in the teaching and student learning process: a critical review of the literature. Research, Society and Development, 11(7), e33511730088. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30088

Lochner, L., Wieser, H., Oberhöller, G., & Ausserhofer, D. (2020). Interprofessional team-based learning in basic sciences: students’ attitude and perception of communication and teamwork. International Journal of Medical Education, 11, 214–221. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5f5b.24e3

Pereira A. S. et al. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. [free e-book]. UFSM.

Siddiqi, H., Rehman, R., Syed, F., Martins, R., Ibrahim, M., & Alam, F. (2020). Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL): an innovation aimed at engaged learning for undergraduate medical students. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 0, 1. https://doi.org/10.5455/jpma.29714

Sivico, M. J., Gomes, R. da V., Ventura, L. A., & Mendes, A. N. F. (2021). Reflecting on teaching practice in the school environment: A necessary singular dialogue from the perspective of the chemistry student in Basic Education. Research, Society and Development, 10(6), e9610615577. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i6.15577

Soeiro, A. F., Cecchin, A. F., & Nogueira, V. dos S. . (2021). Senses and meanings in the learning process in distance college education: the presential tutor’s performance. Research, Society and Development, 10(2), e58110212858. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12858

Tavares, J. S., Oliveira, F. R. de, Maia, C. M. A. F. G., & Rodrigues, W. F. G. (2017). Contribuições da monitoria de anatomia humana na formação acadêmica de estudantes de enfermagem: relato de experiência. Rev. Enferm. UFPE on Line, 3176–3179. https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/bde-32544

Topping, K.; Ehly, S. (1998). Peer-Assisted Learning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.

Vicenzi, C. B., Conto, F. de, Flores, M. E., Rovani, G., Ferraz, S. C. C., & Marostega, M. G. (2016). A monitoria e seu papel no desenvolvimento da formação acadêmica. Revista Ciência Em Extensão, 12(3), 88–94. https://ojs.unesp.br/index.php/revista_proex/article/view/1257

Wawrzynski, M. R., LoConte, C. L., & Straker, E. J. (2011). Learning outcomes for peer educators: The national survey on peer education. New Directions for Student Services, 2011(133), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1002/ss.381

Tokumasu, K., Obika, M., Obara, H., Kikukawa, M., Nishimura, Y., & Otsuka, F. (2022). Processes of increasing medical residents’ intrinsic motivation: a qualitative study. International Journal of Medical Education, 13, 115–123. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.6250.1017

Downloads

Published

12/10/2023

How to Cite

VENTURA, C.; GUEDES, I. Q. .; MESTRINER, A. C. D. .; CURY, L. S. .; SANTOS, J. C. C. dos .; CARVALHO, C. A. M. de . The Impact of Peer-Assisted Learning in a Brazilian Medical Course. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 10, p. e89121043471, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i10.43471. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/43471. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Teaching and Education Sciences