Dietary factors in patients with Parkinson's disease: An integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v14i3.48438Keywords:
Parkinson's disease; Diet; Nutrition; Neurology.Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition that affects millions of people globally and is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Diet has been shown to be a relevant modifiable risk factor in the development and progression of PD. Studies suggest that certain dietary patterns may influence the pathophysiology of PD, impacting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the gut microbiome. Objective: To analyze the most recent scientific evidence on the impact of diet on various aspects of PD, including risk, progression, symptom management, and quality of life. Methodology: Integrative literature review on the impact of diet on various aspects of PD. Integrative literature review conducted with PubMed database, between 2019 and 2025, using the descriptors "Parkinson's disease", "Diet", and "Nutrition", associated by the Boolean operator "AND". Seven articles were selected for analysis. Results and Discussion: The review found that diets rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish are consistently associated with a lower risk of PD. Western dietary patterns, rich in processed foods and red meat, increase the risk. Evidence suggests that antioxidants and vitamins may exert neuroprotective effects. The gut microbiome also plays an important role, with high-fiber diets showing beneficial effects. Specialized diets, such as the ketogenic diet, have shown improvements in motor and non-motor symptoms, although long-term safety requires further study. Conclusion: Good-quality nutrition is associated with lower risks and better management of PD symptoms. Personalized dietary interventions emerge as a promising avenue for the treatment of PD, but further studies are needed to validate these approaches.
References
Anima. (2014). Manual revisão bibliográfica sistemática integrativa: a pesquisa baseada em evidências. Grupo Anima. https://biblioteca.cofen.gov.br/wpcontent/uploads/2019/06/manual_revisao_bibliografica-sistematica-integrativa.pdf.
Anwar, L., Ahmad, E., Imtiaz, M., Ahmad, M., Faisal Aziz, M., & Ibad, T. (2024). The Impact of Diet on Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 16(9), e70337. https://doi.org/10.7759/CUREUS.70337
Ascherio, A., Zhang, S. M., Hernán, M. A., Kawachi, I., Colditz, G. A., Speizer, F. E., & Willett, W. C. (2001). Prospective study of caffeine consumption and risk of Parkinson’s disease in men and women. Annals of neurology, 50(1), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.1002/ANA.1052
Baldi, S., Pagliai, G., Dinu, M., Di Gloria, L., Nannini, G., Curini, L., Pallecchi, M., Russo, E., Niccolai, E., Danza, G., Benedettelli, S., Ballerini, G., Colombini, B., Bartolucci, G., Ramazzotti, M., Sofi, F., & Amedei, A. (2022). Effect of ancient Khorasan wheat on gut microbiota, inflammation, and short-chain fatty acid production in patients with fibromyalgia. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 28(18), 1965. https://doi.org/10.3748/WJG.V28.I18.1965
Coon, E. A., Cutsforth-Gregory, J. K., & Benarroch, E. E. (2018). Neuropathology of autonomic dysfunction in synucleinopathies. Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 33(3), 349–358. https://doi.org/10.1002/MDS.27186
Crossetti, M. G. M. (2012). Revisión integradora de la investigación en enfermería el rigor científico que se le exige. Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 33(2), 8-9.
Felice, V. D., Quigley, E. M., Sullivan, A. M., O’Keeffe, G. W., & O’Mahony, S. M. (2016). Microbiota-gut-brain signalling in Parkinson’s disease: Implications for non-motor symptoms. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 27, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PARKRELDIS.2016.03.012
Kalia, L. V., & Lang, A. E. (2015). Parkinson’s disease. Lancet (London, England), 386(9996), 896–912. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61393-3
Kwon, D., Folle, A. D., Del Rosario, I., Zhang, K., Paul, K. C., Keener, A. M., Bronstein, J. M., & Ritz, B. (2023). Diet quality and Parkinson’s disease: Potential strategies for non-motor symptom management. Parkinsonism and Related Disorders, 115, 105816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105816
Kwon, D., Zhang, K., Paul, K. C., Folle, A. D., Del Rosario, I., Jacobs, J. P., Keener, A. M., Bronstein, J. M., & Ritz, B. (2024). Diet and the gut microbiome in patients with Parkinson’s disease. npj Parkinson’s Disease 2024 10:1, 10(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00681-7
Liu, L., Shen, Q., Bao, Y., Xu, F., Zhang, D., Huang, H., Tu, L., & Xu, Y. (2023). Association between dietary intake and risk of Parkinson’s disease: cross-sectional analysis of survey data from NHANES 2007–2016. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1278128. https://doi.org/10.3389/FNUT.2023.1278128/BIBTEX
Mattos, P. C. (2015). Tipos de revisão de literatura. Unesp, 1-9. https://www.fca.unesp.br/Home/Biblioteca/tipos-de-evisao-de-literatura.pdf.
Paknahad, Z., Sheklabadi, E., Derakhshan, Y., Bagherniya, M., & Chitsaz, A. (2020). The effect of the Mediterranean diet on cognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A randomized clinical controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 50, 102366. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CTIM.2020.102366
Pereira, D. A., Chagas, M. J. de S., Souza, L. M. de, Malfacini, S. da S., Enes, M. de F. G., Orsini, M., & Antunes, P. de F. G. (2023). Alterations in the substantia nigra and nigrostriatal pathway in different neuroimaging techniques in Parkinson’s disease: an integrative literature review. Research, Society and Development, 12(1), e8212139591–e8212139591. https://doi.org/10.33448/RSD-V12I1.39591
Pereira A. S. et al. (2018). Metodologia da pesquisa científica. [free e-book]. Editora UAB/NTE/UFSM.
Rusch, C., Beke, M., Tucciarone, L., Nieves, C., Ukhanova, M., Tagliamonte, M. S., Mai, V., Suh, J. H., Wang, Y., Chiu, S., Patel, B., Ramirez-Zamora, A., & Langkamp-Henken, B. (2021). Mediterranean Diet Adherence in People With Parkinson’s Disease Reduces Constipation Symptoms and Changes Fecal Microbiota After a 5-Week Single-Arm Pilot Study. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 794640. https://doi.org/10.3389/FNEUR.2021.794640/BIBTEX
Schapira, A. H. V., Chaudhuri, K. R., & Jenner, P. (2017). Non-motor features of Parkinson disease. Nature reviews. Neuroscience, 18(7), 435–450. https://doi.org/10.1038/NRN.2017.62
Sofi, F., Cesari, F., Abbate, R., Gensini, G. F., & Casini, A. (2008). Adherence to Mediterranean diet and health status: meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 337(7671), 673–675. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJ.A1344
Solch, R. J., Aigbogun, J. O., Voyiadjis, A. G., Talkington, G. M., Darensbourg, R. M., O’Connell, S., Pickett, K. M., Perez, S. R., & Maraganore, D. M. (2022). Mediterranean diet adherence, gut microbiota, and Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease risk: A systematic review. Journal of the neurological sciences, 434. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JNS.2022.120166
Tidman, Melanie M., White, D. R., & White, T. A. (2024). Impact of a keto diet on symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, biomarkers, depression, anxiety and quality of life: a longitudinal study. Neurodegenerative Disease Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/17582024.2024.2352394
Vidal-Martinez, G., Chin, B., Camarillo, C., Herrera, G. V., Yang, B., Sarosiek, I., & Perez, R. G. (2020). A Pilot Microbiota Study in Parkinson’s Disease Patients versus Control Subjects, and Effects of FTY720 and FTY720-Mitoxy Therapies in Parkinsonian and Multiple System Atrophy Mouse Models. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease, 10(1), 185. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-191693
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Daniel Antunes Pereira; Bárbara Antunes Martins; Filipe da Silva Duccini; Lohan Oliveira Brito; Thatiane Silva Guimarães; Bárbara Fernandes Costa de Araújo; Priscila Marino Pereira; Andreza de Lima Moura; Cássia Santos de Lima Menezes; Yan Fidelis Santos de Lima; Diego de Lima Moura; Yasmin Novaes de Santa Rita
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
