Core curriculum in dermatology for the medicine course: a narrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8484Keywords:
Medical education; Dermatology; Teaching.Abstract
Medical training needs to find a balance between the contents that will be listed in the curriculum, so that they really benefit the training of the doctor. We realized that dermatological complaints are very frequent complaints among patients, not only in Brazil but in other countries. Even so, so far, little importance is given to what approach will be given to skin disorders during medical graduation, with only 1% of the time of graduation being allocated to teaching dermatology. This article aims to bring a review on the teaching of dermatology in Medical Graduation, showing how the training of doctors in this specialty is being. The methodological path consisted of searching for articles from five bibliographic databases - PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and LILACS from 1971 to 2018, in Portuguese, English, Spanish and German, with the keywords medical graduation, medical curriculum, basic curriculum in dermatology, relevant content in dermatology, combined with the associations and outcomes of interest. The selected articles were used to support the writing on dermatology content relevant to medical training. In the end it was demonstrated how some countries including the USA, Australia and Switzerland organize the dermatology contents within their medical curricula and thus provide the training of professionals better prepared to work in dermatology.
References
American Academy of Dermatology. Medical student core curriculum. Recuperado de http://www.aad.org/education/students/ core.html.
Awadalla, F., Rosenbaum, D. A., Camacho, F., Fleischer, A. B., & Feldman, S. R. (2008). Dermatologic disease in family medicine. Family Medicine-Kansas City-, 40(7), 507. PMID: 18928078
Barbarulo, A. M., Gavazza, S., Fontana, M. I., Berbari, S., & Azcune, R. (2002). Evaluación de la capacidad diagnóstica de los médicos generales en dermatología. Arch. argent. dermatol, 111-115.
Bollela, V. R., & Machado JLM (2010). Internato baseado em competências: bridging the gaps [Internet]. São Paulo: Med Vance.
Brasil, Ministério da Educação, Secretaria de Ensino Superior, Ministério da Saúde, & Secretaria da Gestão do Trabalho e Educação na Saúde. (2009). Matriz de correspondência curricular para fins de revalidação de diplomas de médico obtidos no exterior.
Burge S (2002). British Association of University Teachers of Dermatology. Teaching dermatology to medical students: a survey of current practice in the U.K. Br J Dermatol 2002; 146: 295-303. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04522.x
Bürgi, H., Rindlisbacher, B., Bader, C., Bloch, R., Bosman, F., Gasser, C. & Lefebvre, D. (2008). Swiss catalogue of learning objectives for undergraduate medical training. Univ., Med. Fakultät. Approved by the Joint Commission of the Swiss Medical Schools (SMIFK/CIMS), Recuperado de http://www.smifk.ch.
Canadian Professors of Dermatology. (2012). National Dermatology Core Curriculum and Core Competencies. Recuperado de http://www.dermweb.com/dermatology_resources/nat ional-dermatology-core-curriculum-competencies.htm.
Caplan, R. M., Solomon, L. M. (1971). Instructional objectives in dermatology. Arch Dermatol. 1971;104(4), 345-351. PMID: 5114410
Casanova, J. M., Baradad, M., Soria, X., & Martí, R. M. (2009). Use of www. dermatoweb. net to Support Undergraduate Teaching of Dermatology. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition), 100(10), 866-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1578-2190(09)70557-8
Casanova, J. M., Sanmartín, V., Martí, R. M., Morales, J. L., Soler, J., Purroy, F., & Pujol, R. (2014). Evaluación de las prácticas clínicas de Dermatología en el grado de Medicina. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas, 105(5), 459-468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2012.12.015
Casanova, J. M., Pujol, R. M., Ferrándiz, C., Betlloch, I., Bosch, R. J., Fernández, V., & Vilata, J. J. (2016). Core Content for Undergraduate Medical Education in Spain: Recommendations of the Instructors’ Group of the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV). Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition), 107(2), 125-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adengl.2015.09.025
Clayton R, Perera R, Burge S (2006). Defining the dermatological content of the undergraduate medical curriculum: a modified Delphi study. Br J Dermatol 2006; 155: 137-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07190.x
Chen, S. C., Pennie, M. L., Kolm, P., Warshaw, E. M., Weisberg, E. L., Brown, K. M., & Weintraub, W. S. (2006). Diagnosing and managing cutaneous pigmented lesions: primary care physicians versus dermatologists. Journal of general internal medicine, 21(7), 678-682. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00462.x
Coghi, S., Bortoletto, M. C., Sampaio, S. A. P., Andrade Junior, H. F. D., & Aoki, V. (2007). Quality of life is severely compromised in adult patients with atopic dermatitis in Brazil, especially due to mental components. Clinics, 62(3), 235-242. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1807-59322007000300006
Cohen SN, Ogilvie S, Sharma M, Honan A, Singh M, Ascott A (2016). Undergraduate Dermatology Curriculum. London: British Association of Dermatologists, 2016. Recuperado de http://www.bad.org.uk/librarymedia/documents/BAD%202016%20revised%20U G%20Curriculum%20(UK).pdf
Federman, D. G., Concato, J., & Kirsner, R. S. (1999). Comparison of dermatologic diagnoses by primary care practitioners and dermatologists: a review of the literature. Archives of family medicine, 8(2), 170.
Feuerwerker, L. (1998). Mudanças na educação médica e residência médica no Brasil. Interface-Comunicação, saúde, educação, 2, 51-71.
Fischer, M. R., Bauer, D., & Karin Mohn, N. K. L. M. (2015). Finally finished! National competence based catalogues of learning objectives for undergraduate medical education (NKLM) and dental education (NKLZ) ready for trial. GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung, 32(3). Doi: 10.3205/zma000977
General Medical Council (2018). Outcomes for Graduates (Tomorrow's Doctors). (15th Aug 2018). Recuperado de https://www.gmc-uk.org/-/media/documents/outcomes-for-graduates-a4-6_pdf-78952372.pdf
Hahn, E. G., Fischer, M. F. (2009). Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog Medizin (NKLM) für Deutschland: Zusammenarbeit der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA) und des Medizinischen Fakultätentages (MFT) GMS Z Med Ausbild. 2009; 26(3): Doc35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3205/zma000627
Hansra, N. K., O'Sullivan, P., Chen, C. L., & Berger, T. G. (2009). Medical school dermatology curriculum: are we adequately preparing primary care physicians? Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 61(1), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2008.11.912
Hay, R. J., Johns, N. E., Williams, H. C., Bolliger, I. W., Dellavalle, R. P., Margolis, D. J., ... & Michaud, C. (2014). The global burden of skin disease in 2010: an analysis of the prevalence and impact of skin conditions. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 134(6), 1527-1534. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2013.446
Hu, A., & Vender, R. (2018). Undergraduate dermatology education in Canada: a national survey. Journal of cutaneous medicine and surgery, 22(1), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.1177/1203475417725876
Jamil, A., Muthupalaniappen, L., Nor, N. M., Siraj, H. H., & Salam, A. (2016). Identifying the core content of a dermatology module for Malaysian medical undergraduate curriculum using a modified Delphi method. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences: MJMS, 23(3), 78. PMID: 27418873
Lowell BA, Froelich CW, Federman DG, Kirsner RS (2001). Dermatology in primary care: prevalence and patient disposition. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001; 45: 250-5 https://doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2001.114598
Ludgwig, M. W. B., Oliveira, M. D. S., Müller, M. C., & Gonçalves, Â. M. B. F. (2008). Localização da lesão e níveis de stress em pacientes dermatológicos. Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 25(3), 343-352.
Lugao, A. F., Caldas, T. A. D., Castro, E. L. D., Pereira, E. M. D. A., & Velho, P. E. N. F. (2015). Dermatology relevance to graduates from the Universidade Estadual de Campinas Medical School. Anais brasileiros de dermatologia, 90(5), 631-637. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153740
Martins, B. D. L., Torres, F. N., & Oliveira, M. L. W. D. R. D. (2008). Impact on the quality of life of patients with Hansen s disease: correlation between Dermatology Life Quality Index and disease status. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 83(1), 39-43. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962008000100005
McCleskey, P. E., Gilson, R. T., & DeVillez, R. L. (2009). Medical student core curriculum in dermatology survey. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 61(1), 30-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2008.10.066
Mendes, E. V. (2009). As redes de atenção à saúde. Belo Horizonte: Escola de Saúde Pública de Minas Gerais; 2009.
Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog Medizin [NKLM], (2015). Recuperado de http://www.nklm.de/files/nklm_final_2015-07-03.pdf.
Neuber, K., Weidtmann, K., Coors, E., & Harendza, S. (2006). The new German educational law for medical schools: the Hamburg concept in dermatology and venereology. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, 4(3), 198-203. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1610-0387.2006.05924.x
Neves, N. M., Neves, F. B., & Bitencourt, A. G. (2008). O ensino médico no Brasil: origens e transformações. Gazeta Médica da Bahia, 75(2).
Oliveira, T. F., Monteguti, C., & Velho, P. E. N. F. (2010). Prevalência de problemas dermatológicos durante uma clínica assistencial no interior do Brasil. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 85(6), 947-949. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962010000600032
Pagliosa, F. L., & Da Ros, M. A. (2008). The flexner report: for good and for bad. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 32(4), 492-499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-55022008000400012
Ramsay, D. L., Weary, P. E. (1996). Primary care in dermatology: whose role should it be? J Am Acad Dermatol 1996; 35(6):1005-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0190-9622(96)90137-1
Roesch, A., Gruber, H., Hawelka, B., Hamm, H., Arnold, N., Popal, H., & Stolz, W. (2003). Computer assisted learning in medicine: a long-term evaluation of the ‘Practical Training Programme Dermatology 2000’. Medical informatics and the internet in medicine, 28(3), 147-159. https://doi.org/10.1080/14639230310001613430
Santos, A. Jr, Andrade, M. G. G., Zeferino, A. B., Monte Alegre, S., Moraes, A. M., Velho, P. E. N. F. (2007). Prevalência de dermatoses na rede básica de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. An Bras Dermatol 2007; 82: 419-24. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962007000500004
Singh, D. G., Boudville, N., Corderoy, R., Ralston, S., & Tait, C. P. (2011). Impact on the dermatology educational experience of medical students with the introduction of online teaching support modules to help address the reduction in clinical teaching. Australasian journal of dermatology, 52(4), 264-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-0960.2011.00804.x
Stratman, E. J. (2009). Commentary: Exploring more dermatology education for medical students: Who, what, where, when, why, and how?. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 61(1), 36-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2009.02.018
The Royal Australasian College Of Physicians (Racp). Basic Training Program Curriculum - Adult Intern Medicine. Australia E New Zealand, 2013. Recuperado de https://www.racp.edu.au/docs/default-source/default-document-library/adult-internal-medicinebasic-training-curriculum.pdf?sfvrsn=43fc2c1a_4 (Acessado em Novembro 20,2019).
Ulman, C. A., Binder, S. B., & Borges, N. J. (2015). Assessment of medical students’ proficiency in dermatology: Are medical students adequately prepared to diagnose and treat common dermatologic conditions in the United States?. Journal of educational evaluation for health professions, 12. doi: 10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.18
Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf (2003). Hamburger Lernzielkatalog KliniCuM - Klinisches Curriculum Medizin. Recuperado de https://docplayer.org/10869285-studiendekanat-hamburger-lernzielkatalog-klinikum-klinisches-curriculum-medizin.html. (Acessado em Novembro 20,2019).
Wilmer, E. N., Gustafson, C. J., Ahn, C. S., Davis, S. A., Feldman, S. R., & Huang, W. W. (2014). Most common dermatologic conditions encountered by dermatologists and nondermatologists. Cutis, 94(6), 285-292. PMID: 25566569
Whitaker-Worth DL, Susser WC, Grant-Kels JM (1998). Clinical dermatologic education and the diagnostic acumen of medical students and primary care residents. Int J Dermatol 1998; 37: 855-9. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.1998.00537.x
Zanolli, M. B., Maciel, D. T., Streit, D. S., & Muraguchi, E. B. O. (2014). Internato Médico: Diretrizes Nacionais da ABEM para o internato no curso de graduação em medicina, de acordo com as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais. Lampert JB, Bicudo AM, 10.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Mélanie Christine Bonacin; Maria Rosa Machado Prado
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.