Effects of combined fungicide in stingless bees Scaptotrigona bipunctata
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.12029Keywords:
Histology; Scanning electron microscopy; Critical electrolyte concentration; Benzimidazole; Triazole; Strobilurin.Abstract
Locker is a fungicide used in different crops for biological control, affecting both insect pests and pollinators, such as bees. This study aimed to evaluate toxicity and establish the lethal concentration (LC50) of the fungicide Locker in stingless bees Scaptotrigona bipunctata, investigating changes in brain cells chromatin structure and in midgut morphology. This agrochemical is a combined fungicide that contains three active ingredients: benzimidazole, triazole and strobilurin. Adult forage bees were orally exposed to the following concentrations: 1.7 mg a.i./L; 2.55 mg a.i./L; 3.4 mg a.i./L and 4.25 mg a.i./L of fungicide, and submitted to histochemical and morphological analysis 24, 48 and 72 hours after ingestion. The analysis of S. bipunctata brain cells showed changes in chromatin condensation in all treatments. There were also several morphological changes in the midgut at all concentrations and exposure times. Thus, the fungicide Locker significantly affected bee survival, inducing changes in their internal morphology, which can lead to alterations in their activities, directly interfering in their foraging behavior and survival.
References
Adapar – Agência de Defesa Agropecuária do Paraná. Disponível em: http://www.adapar.pr.gov.br/. Acesso em: 13, março, 2020.
Arena, M., & Sgolastra, F. (2014). A meta-analysis comparing the sensitivity of bees to pesticides. Ecotoxicology, 23 (3), 324-334. doi: 10.1007 / s10646-014-1190-1
Barbosa, D. B., Crupinski, E. F., Silveira, R. N., & Limberger, D. C. H. (2017). As abelhas e seu serviço ecossistêmico de polinização. Revista Eletrônica Científica da UERGS, 3 (4), 694-703. doi: 10.21674/2448-0479.34.694-703
Bartlett, D. W., Clough, J.M., Godwin, J. R., Hall, A. A., Hamer, M., & Parr-Dobrzanski, B. (2002). The strobilurin fungicides. Pest Management Science, 58 (7), 649-662. doi: 10.1002 / ps.520
Batista, A. C., Domingues, C. E. C., Costa, M. J., & SILVA-ZACARIN, E. C. M. (2020). Is a strobilurin fungicide capable of inducing histopathological effects on the midgut and Malpighian tubules of honey bees? Journal of Apicultural Research, (59) 5, 1-10. doi: 10.1080/00218839.2020.1724678
Camargo, J. M. F., & Pedro, S. R. M. (2013). Meliponini Lepeletier, 1836. In: Moure, J. S. & Urban, D. eds. Melo GAR (Orgs) Catalogue of Bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) in the Neotropical Region. Curitiba, Brazil: UFPR; Online Version. Disponível em: http://www.moure.cria.org.br/catalogue. Acesso em: 13 jan 2020.
Campbell, J. B., Nath, R., Gadau, J., Fox, T., Degrandi-Hoffman, G., & Harrison, J. F. (2016). The fungicide Pristine® inhibits mitochondrial function in vitro but not flight metabolic rates in honey bees. Journal of Insect Physiology, 86 (3), 11-16. doi: 10.1016 / j.jinsphys.2015.12.003
Carneiro, L. S., Martínez, L. C., Gonçalves, W. G., Santana, L. M., & Serrão, J. E. (2020). The fungicide iprodione affects midgut cells of non-target honey bee Apis mellifera workers. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 189 (11), 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109991
Catae, A. F., Roat, T. C., Oliveira, R. A., Nocelli, R. C. F., & Malaspina, O. (2014). Cytotoxic effects of thiamethoxam in the midgut and malpighian tubules of Africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Microscopy Research & Technique, 77 (4), 274-281. doi: 10.1002/jemt.22339
Coutinho, C. F. B., Galli, A., Mazo, L. H., & Machado, S. A. S. (2006). Carbendazim e o meio ambiente: degradação e toxidez. Revista de Ecotoxicologia e Meio Ambiente, 16 (12), 63-70. doi: 10.5380/pes.v16i0.7480
Diao, Q., Yuan, K., Liang, P., & Gao, X. (2005). Tissue distribution and properties of glutathione S-transferases in Apis cerana cerana Fabricius and Apis mellifera ligustica Spinola. Journal of Apicultural Research, (45) 3, 145-152. doi: 10.1080/00218839.2006.11101333
Diniz, T. O., Pereira, N. C., Silva, B. G., Pizzaia, W. C. S., Oliveira, F. G. M., Sinópolis-Gigliolli, A. A., & Ruvolo-Takasusuki, M. C. C. (2020). Toxicity and effects of combined agrochemical in Scaptotrigona bipunctata bees. Scientific Electronic Archives, 13 (12), 41-53. doi: 10.36560/131220201258
Diniz, T. O., Pereira, N. C., Pizzaia, W. C. S., Sinópolis-Gigliolli, A. A., Silva, B.G., Borges, Y. M., Guedes, T. A., & Ruvolo-Takasusuki, M. C. C. (2020). Toxicity and genetic analysis of bees Scaptotrigona bipunctata after contamination with insecticide acephate. Scientific Electronic Archives, 13 (8), 8-17. doi: 10.36560 / 13820201157
Domingues, C. E. C., Inoue, L. V. B., Silva-Zacarin, E. C. M., & Malaspina, O. (2020). Foragers of Africanized honeybee are more sensitive to fungicide pyraclostrobin than newly emerged bees. Environmental Pollution, 266 (2), 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115267
Freitas, B.M., & Pinheiro, J.N. (2010). Efeitos sub-letais dos pesticidas agrícolas e seus impactos no manejo de polinizadores dos agroecossistemas brasileiros. Oecologia Australis, 14 (1), 282-298. doi: 10.4257 / oeco.2010.1401.17
IPCS. (2006). International Programme on Chemical Safety. Carbendazim. Disponível em: <http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics1277.htm>. Acesso em: 18 jan 2020.
Imperatriz-Fonseca, V. L. (2004). Serviços aos ecossistemas, com ênfase nos polinizadores e polinização. Disponível em: <http://files.cesaiifce.webnode.com.br/200000020bd221be1bb/Servi%C3%A7os%20aos%20ecossistemas,%20com%20%C3%AAnfase%20nos%20polinizadores%20e%20poliniza%C3%A7%C3%A3o.pdf>. Acesso em: 18 jan 2020.
Landim, C. C. (2009). Abelhas: morfologia e função de sistemas. São Paulo, Brazil: UNESP.
Malaspina, O., & Silva-Zacarin, E. C. M. (2006). Cell markers for ecotoxicological studies in target organs of bees. Brazilian Journal of Morphological Sciences, 23 (3), 303-309. Retrieved from http://www.jms.periodikos.com.br/article/587cb4627f8c9d0d058b463d
Nicodemo, D., Mingatto, F. E., Carvalho, A., Bizerra, P. F. V., Tavares, M. A., Balieira, K. V. B., & Bellini, W. C. (2018). Pyraclostrobin impairs energetic mitochondrial metabolism and productive performance of silkworm (Lepidoptera: bombycidae) caterpillars. Journal of Economic Entomology, 111 (3), 1369-1375. doi: 10.1093 / jee / toy060
Oliveira, R. A., Roat, T. C., Carvalho, S. M., & Malaspina, O. (2014). Side-effects of thiamethoxam on the brain and midgut of the africanized honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenopptera: Apidae). Environmental Toxicology, 29 (10), 1122-1133. doi: 10.1002 / tox.21842
R Core Team. (2020). R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, AT: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
Richardson, R. J. (1999). Pesquisa social: métodos e técnicas. São Paulo: Atlas.
Roat, T. C., Carvalho, S. M., Nocelli, R. C. F., Silva-Zacarin, E. C. M.; Oalma, M. S., & Malaspina, O. (2013). Effects of sublethal dose of fipronil on neuron metabolic activity of Africanized honeybees. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 64 (3), 456-466. doi: 10.1007/s00244-012-9849-1
Rodenhiser, D., & Mann, M. (2006). Epigenetics and human disease: translating basic biology into clinical applications. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 174 (3), 341-348. doi: 10.1503 / cmaj.050774
Rossi, C. A., Roat, T. C., Tavares, D. A., Cintra-Socolowski, P., & Malaspina, O. (2013). Effects of sublethal doses of imidacloprid in Malpighian tubules of africanized Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Microscopy Research and Technique, 76 (5), 552-558. doi: 10.1002 / jemt.22199
Sanchez-Bayo, F. & Goka, K. (2014). Pesticide residues and bees – A risk assessment. PLoS ONE, 9 (4), e94482. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094482
Santos, S. A., Fermino, F., Moreira, B. M. T., Araújo, K. F., Falco, J. R. P., & Ruvolo-Takasusuki, M. C. C. (2014). Critical electrolyte concentration of silk gland chromatin of the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, induced using agrochemicals. Genetics and Molecular Research, 13 (3), 7958-7964. doi: 10.4238/2014.September.29.9
Sidrim, J. J. C. & Rocha, M. F. G. (2012). Micologia médica à luz dos autores contemporâneos. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan.
Sueth-Santiago, V., Franklim, T. N., Lopes, N. D., & Lima, M. E. F. (2015). CYP51: Uma Boa Ideia? Revista Virtual de Química, 7 (2), 539-575. doi: 10.5935/1984-6835.20150024
Tavares, D. A., Roat, T. C., Carvalho, S. M., Silva-Zacarin, E. C. M., & Malaspina, O. (2015). In vitro effects of thiamethoxam on larvae of Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Chemosphere, 135 (5), 370-378. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.04.090
Thany, S. H. Bourdin, C. M., Graton, J., Laurent, A. D., Mathé-Allainmat, M., Lebreton, J., & Questel, J. Y. L. (2015). Similar Comparative Low and High Doses of Deltamethrin and Acetamiprid Differently Impair the Retrieval of the Proboscis Extension Reflex in the Forager Honey Bee (Apis mellifera). Insects, 6 (4), 805-814. doi: 10.3390/insects6040805
Tison, L., Hahn, M. L., Holtz, S., Robner, A., Greggers, U., Bischoff, G., & Menzel, R. (2016). Honey Bees’ Behavior Is Impaired by Chronic Exposure to the Neonicotinoid Thiacloprid in the Field. Environmental Science & Technology, 50 (13), 7218-7227. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02658
Vannette, R. L., Mohamed, A., & Johnson, B. R. (2015). Forager bees (Apis mellifera) highly express immune and detoxification genes in tissues associated with nectar processing. Scientific Reports, 5 (1), 1-9. doi: 10.1038/srep16224
Vidal, B. C. (1987). Métodos em biologia celular. In: Vidal, B.C. & Mello, M.L.S. eds. Biologia Celular. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: Atheneu.
Vidal, B. C., & Mello, M. L. S. (1989). Critical electrolyte concentration of DNA and nucleoprotein complexes in vitro. Acta Histochemica et Cytochemica, 22 (4), 471-478. doi: 10.1267/ahc.22.471
Zauza, E. A. V., Couto, M. M. F., Maffia, L. A., & Alfenas, A. C. (2008). Eficiência de fungicidas sistêmicos no controle da ferrugem do Eucalyptus. Revista Árvore, 32 (5), 829-835. doi: 10.1590/S0100-67622008000500007
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Tamiris de Oliveira Diniz; Naiara Climas Pereira; Breno Gabriel da Silva; William Cristian da Silva Pizzaia; Fernanda Giovana Martins de Oliveira; Adriana Aparecida Sinópolis-Gigliolli; Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo; Maria Claudia Colla Ruvolo-Takasusuki
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
