Motor performance of fundamental skills of scholars of both sexes in Elementary School

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i15.23109

Keywords:

motor performance; fundamental motor skills; physical education; elementary school; TGMD–3.

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to determine how is the global motor performance and fundamental motor skills of elementary school students in general and compared between genders. This cross-sectional study evaluated the motor performance of schoolchildren aged 7 to 10 years old. Weight and height were measured, the socioeconomic class and routine of the participants were determined, and motor performance was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development – ​​3 (TGMD-3). Were adopted the measures of large motor quotient, gross overall score and subtest, measured by skills, in addition to qualitative analysis. The overall motor performance of students is below expectations for their age, especially in ball skills. Emphasis for girls who were worse than boys, more specifically on skills to dribble and kicking a stationary ball. It concluded that the stimuli received by children throughout life, especially with manipulative activities, including in physical education classes, were not enough to develop the children's fundamental motor skills.

References

Bardid, F., Huyben, F., Lenoir, M., Seghers, J., Martelaer, K., Goodway, J. D., & Deconinck, F. J. A. (2016). Assessing fundamental motor skills in Belgian children aged 3-8 years highlights differences to US reference sample. Acta Paediatrics, 105(6), 281-290. 10.1111/apa.13380

Barnett, L. M., Beurden, E. V., Morgan, P. J., Brooks, L. O., & Beard, J. R. (2008). Does childhood motor skill proficiency predict adolescent fitness? Medicine & Science Sports & Exercise;40(12):2137-2144. 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818160d3

Barnett, L. M., Morgan, P. J., Van Beurden, E., Ball, K., & Lubans, D. R. (2010). A reverse pathway? Actual and perceived skill proficiency and physical activity. Medicine & Science Sports & Exercise;43(5):898-904. 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181fdfadd

Barnett, L. M., Stodden, D., Cohen, K. E., Smith, J. J., Lubans, D. R., Lenoir, M., Iivonen, S., Miller, A. D., Laukkanen, A., Dudley, D., Lander, N. J., Brown, H., & Morgan, P. J. (2016). Fundamental Movement Skills: An Important Focus. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education,35(3):219-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.2014-0209

Blatchford, P., Baines, E., & Pellegrini, A. (2003). The social context of school playground games: sex and ethnic difference, and changes over time after entry to junior school. British Journal Developmental Psychology; 21:481-505. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151003322535183

Bolger, L. E., Bolger, L. A., Neill, C. O., Coughlan, E., O’Brien, W., Lacey, S., & Burns, C. (2018). Age and sex differences in fundamental movement skills among a cohort of Irish school children. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 6(1), 81–100. https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2017-0003

Bryant, E., Duncan, M., & Birch, S. Fundamental movement skills and weight status in British primary school children. European Journal of Sports Science, 14(7), 730–736, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2013.870232

Carlos, F. de M.., Borges Neto, J. de S., Bicalho, J. M. F.., Oliveira, G. H.., Campos, C. G.., Bila, W. C.., Lamounier, J. A.., & Romano, M. C. C. (2021). Adolescentes socialmente menos favorecidos estão mais sujeitos ao sedentarismo? uma revisão sistemática. Research, Society and Development, 10(14), e305101422048. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i14.22048

Castro-Sánchez, M.; Chacón-Cuberos, R.; Ubago-Jiménez, J. L.; Zafra-Santos, E., & Zurita-Ortega, F. (2018). An Explanatory Model for the Relationship between Motivation in Sport, Victimization, and Video Game Use in Schoolchildren. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15, 1866. 10.3390/ijerph15091866

Clark, J. E., & Whitall, J. (1989). What Is Motor Development? The Lessons of History, Quest, 41:3, 183-202 https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.1989.10483969

Duarte, G. D., Nobre, G. C., Gomes, T. V. B., & Benda, R. N. (2021). Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of Indigenous and Nonindigenous Children. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 9, 14–27. https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2019-0050

Duncan, M. J., Roscoe, C. M. P., Noon, M., Clark, C. C. T., O’Brien, W., & Eyre, E. L. J. (2019). Run, jump, throw and catch: How proficient are children attending English schools at the fundamental motor skills identified as key within the school curriculum? European Physical Education Review, 26(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X19888953

Eisenstein, E., Pfeiffer, L., Gama, M. C., Estefenon, S., & Cavalcanti, S. S. (2019). Manual de orientação: menos telas mais saúde. Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.: https://www.sbp.com.br/fileadmin/user_upload/_22246c-ManOrient_-__MenosTelas__MaisSaude.pdf

Field, A. (2020). Descobrindo a estatística usando o SPSS. (5a ed.), Artmed.

Gallahue, D. L., Ozmun, J. C., & Goodway, J. D. (2013). Compreendendo o Desenvolvimento Motor: bebês, crianças, adolescentes e adultos. (7a ed.), Artmed.

Goodway, J. D., Robinson, L. E., & Crowe, H. (2010). Gender differences in fundamental motor skill development in disadvantaged preschoolers from two geographical regions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 81(1), 17-24. 10.1080/02701367.2010.10599624.

Henrique, R. S., Ré, A. H. N., Stodden, D. F., Fransen, J., Campos, C. M. C., Queiroz, D. R., & Cattuzzo, M. T. (2015). Association between sports participation, motor competence and weight status: A longitudinal study. Journal Science Medicine Sport, 19(10): 825-829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2015.12.512

Isayama, H. F., & Gallardo, J. S. P. (1998). Desenvolvimento motor: análise dos estudos brasileiros sobre habilidades motoras fundamentais. Revista da educação física/UEM, 9(1):75-82.

Kelly, L., O’Connor, S., Harrison, A. J., & Chéilleachair, N. J. N. (2019). Does fundamental movement skill proficiency vary by sex, class group or weight status? Evidence from an Irish primary school setting. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(9), 1055–106. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1543833

Liong, G. H. E., Ridgers, N. D., & Barnett, L. M. (2015). Associations between skill perceptions and young children’s actual fundamental movement skills. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 120(2), 591-603. https://doi.org/10.2466/10.25.PMS.120v18x2

Logan, S. W., Webster, E. K., Getchell, N., Pfeiffer, K. A., & Robinson, L. E. (2015). Relationship between fundamental motor skill competence and physical activity during childhood and adolescence: A systematic review. Kinesiology Review, 4(4), 416-426. https://doi.org/10.1123/kr.2013-0012

Medeiros, P., Zequinão, M. A., & Cardoso, F. L. (2016). A influência do desempenho motor no “status” social percebido por crianças. Rev Bras Educ Fís Esporte, 30(4):1069-77. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-55092016000401069

Mohammadi, F., Bahram, A., Khalaji, H., & Ghadiri, F. Determining Motor Development Status of 3-10 YearOld Children in Ahvaz City Using TGMD-3 Test. International Journal of Basic Science in Medicine, 2(3), 10.15171/ijbsm.2017.26

Mukherjee, S., Ting Jamie, L. C., & Leong, H. F. (2017). Fundamental motor skill proficiency of 6- to 9-year-old Singaporean children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 124(3), 584-600. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0031512517703005

Nilsen, A. K. O., Anderssen, S. A., Johannessen, K., Aadland, K. N., Ylvisaaker, E., Loftesnes, J. M., & Aadland, E. (2020). Bi-directional prospective associations between objectively measured physical activity and fundamental motor skills in children: a two-year follow-up. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17:1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-019-0902-6

O’ Brien, W., Belton, S., & Issartel, J. (2016). Fundamental movement skill proficiency amongst adolescent youth. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 21(6), 557–571. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2015.1017451

Payne, V. G., & Isaacs, L. D. (1987). Human motor development: a lifespan approach. Califórnia: Mayfield Publishing Company Moutain View.

Ré, A. H. N., Tudela, M. C., Monteiro, C. B. M., Antônio, B. A., Silva, M. M. L. M., Campos, C. M. C., & Cattuzzo, N. T. (2018). Competência motora em crianças do ensino público da cidade de São Paulo. Journal of Physical Education. 29, e2955. https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v29i1.2955

Reis, L. C. B., Miranda, B. L.G., Caldas, E. S., Silva, D. M. B., & Araújo, M. L. (2017). Desempenho motor de alunos com obesidade em uma escola da rede municipal de ensino em são Luís – MA. Revista Brasileira de Obesidade, Nutrição e Emagrecimento, 2(11), 646-652.

Ribeiro-Silva, P. C., Marinho, N. F. S., Brito, W. S., Costa, N. E., & Benda, R. N. (2018). Desempenho motor em habilidades básicas de participantes de crianças e não participantes da prática de orientação esportiva. Journal Physical Education, 29, e2903. https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v29i1.2903

Souza, M. S., Zanella, L. W., Bandeira, P. F. R., Silva, A. C. R., & Valentini, N. C. (2014). Meninos e meninas apresentam desempenho semelhante em habilidades motoras fundamentais de locomoção e controle de objeto? Cinergis, 15(4):186-190. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/cinergis.v15i4.5386

Stodden, D. F., Goodway, J. D., Langendorfer, S. J., Roberton, M. A., Rudisill, M. E., Garcia, C., & Garcia, L. E. (2008). A Developmental Perspective on the Role of Motor Skill Competence in Physical Activity: An Emergent Relationship. Quest, 60(2), 290-306. 10.1080/00336297.2008.10483582

Thomas, J. R., Nelson, J. K., & Silverman, S. Research Methods in Physical Activity. (6a ed.), Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers.

Ulrich, D. A. (2019). Test of Gross Motor Development: examiner’s manual. (3a ed.), Pro-ED.

Valentini, N. C., Logan, S. L., Spessato, B.C., Souza, M. S., Pereira, K. G., & Rudisill, M. E. (2016). Fundamental motor skills across childhood: age, sex, and competence outcomes of Brazilian children. Journal of motor learning and development, 4(1), 16-36. .http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2015-0021

Valentini, N. C., Zanella, L. W., & Webster, E. K. (2017). Test of Gross Motor Development—Third edition: Establishing content and construct validity for Brazilian children. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 5(1):15–28. https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2016-0002

Yang, S., Lin, S., & Tsai, C. (2015). Effect of sex, age, and BMI on the development of locomotor skills and object control skills among preschool children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 121(3), 873-888. https://doi.org/10.2466/10.PMS.121c29x0

Published

28/11/2021

How to Cite

BORGES NETO, J. de S. .; BENDA, R. N.; NOVAIS, R. L. R.; CAMPOS, C. G. .; BICALHO, J. M. F. .; ROMANO, M. C. C.; LAMOUNIER, J. A. . Motor performance of fundamental skills of scholars of both sexes in Elementary School . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 15, p. e361101523109, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i15.23109. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/23109. Acesso em: 26 nov. 2024.

Issue

Section

Health Sciences