Main maternal and neonatal complications of pregnant women with active anorexia nervosa: a systematic review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i7.30332Keywords:
Anorexia nervosa; Obstetric nursing; Review.Abstract
Objective: To analyze the main maternal and neonatal complications of pregnant women with active anorexia nervosa. Methodology: This is a systematic review carried out using the PRISMA method, in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, using the following descriptors: “anorexia nervosa”, “pregnancy”, “antenatal” and “perinatal”. Full articles, available in Portuguese, English or Spanish, were included; published between January 2011 and December 2021. Results: Four articles made up the final sample of this study, with a higher frequency of publication in 2020 (n: 02). All studies used the retrospective cohort study, with a moderate level of evidence (III). It was found that the main maternal complications among pregnant women with active anorexia nervosa involve premature labor, premature contractions, diabetes mellitus and gestational hypertension, anemia, liver failure, hyperemesis gravidarum and a greater chance of hospitalization in an intensive care unit. The main neonatal complications reported in the studies are: perinatal death, small for gestational age, preterm and very preterm birth, low birth weight, cardiovascular and respiratory disorders, and low Apgar score at 1 min (<7). Conclusion: The findings of this research suggest that, although based on a small number of studies, although women with active AN can conceive, there are potential risks to mother and fetus, especially preterm labor, perinatal death, small for age. gestational age and increased risk of admission to an intensive care unit.
References
American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (5th ed.), American Psychiatric Association, Arlington.
Ante, Z., Luu, T.M., Healy-Profitós, J., He, S., Taddeo, D., Lo, E., et al. (2020). Pregnancy outcomes in women with anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 53(5), 403–412.
Arnold, C., Johnson, H., Mahon, C. & Agius M. (2019). The effects of eating disorders in pregnancy on mother and baby: a review. Psychiatr Danub. 31(3), 615–618.
Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS). (1998). Lei no 9.610, de 19 de fevereiro de 1998, que altera, atualiza e consolida a legislação sobre direitos autorais e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde. Recuperado de http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/leis/l9610.htm
Buppasiri, P., Lumbiganon, P., Thinkhamrop, J., Ngamjarus, C., Laopaiboon, M. & Medley, N. (2015). Calcium supplementation (other than for preventing or treating hypertension) for improving pregnancy and infant outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2, 66.
Bye, A., Mackintosh, N., Sandall, J., Easter, A. & Walker, M. (2018). Supporting women with eating disorders during pregnancy and the postnatal period. J Health Vis. 2018;6(5):224–8.
Cates, J.E., Unger, H.W., Briand, V., Fievet, N., Valea, I., Tinto, H, et al. (2017). Malaria, malnutrition, and birthweight: a meta-analysis using individual participant data. PLoS Med. 14(8), e1002373.
Kimmel, M.C., Ferguson, E.H., Zerwas, S., Bulik, C.M. & Meltzer-Brody S. (2016). Obstetric and gynecologic problems associated with eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 49(3), 260–275.
Linna, M.S., Raevuori, A., Haukka, J., Suvisaari, J.M., Suokas, J.T. & Gissler, M. (2014). Pregnancy, obstetric, and perinatal health outcomes in eating disorders. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 211(4), 392.e1-8.
Mantel, Ä., Hirschberg, A.L. & Stephansson, O. (2020). Association of maternal eating disorders with pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. JAMA Psychiatry. 77(3), 285–293.
Martínez-Olcina, M., Rubio-Arias, J.A., Garcia, C.R., Leyva-Vela, B., Hernández-Garcia, M., Hernández-Morante, J., et al. (2020). Eating Disorders in Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women: A Systematic Review. Medicine. 56(7), 352.
Micali, N., Stemann Larsen, P., Strandberg-Larsen, K. & Nybo Andersen, A.M. (2016). Size at birth and preterm birth in women with lifetime eating disorders: a prospective population-based study. BJOG. 123(8), 1301–1310.
Misra, M. & Klibanski A. (2014). Endocrine consequences of anorexia nervosa. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2(7), 581–592.
Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M.; Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., et al (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst. Rev. 4(1), 1-9.
Nagl, M., Jacobi, C., Paul, M., Beesdo-Baum, K., Höfler, M., Lieb, R., et al. (2016). Prevalence, incidence, and natural course of anorexia and bulimia nervosa among adolescents and young adults. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 25, 903-918.
Nascimento, J.W.A., Santos, R.S., Santos, T.M.R., Silva, A.L.B., Rodrigues, L.D.C., Silva, V.W., et al. (2021). Complications associated with intimate partner violence in pregnant women: a systematic review. Int. J. Dev. Res. 11(7), 48924-48928.
Pati, D. & Lorusso, L.N. (2018). How to Write a Systematic Review of the Literature. HERD. 11(1), 15-30.
Pham-Scottez, A. (2017). Maternité et anorexie mentale : confrontation des données de la littérature internationale et de l’expérience de terrain. Carnet PSY. 212, 25-31.
Roux, H., Chapelon, E. & Godart, N. (2013). Epidemiology of anorexia nervosa: a review. Encephale. 39, 85-93.
Smink, F.R.E., van Hoeken, D. & Hoek, H.W. (2012). Epidemiology of eating disorders: incidence, prevalence and mortality rates. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 14(4), 406–414.
Solmi, F., Sallis, H., Stahl, D., Treasure, J. & Micali, N. (2014). Low birth weight in the offspring of women with anorexia nervosa. Epidemiol Rev. 36, 49-56.
Stillwell, S., Fineout-Overholt, E., Melnyk, B.M. & Wiliamson, K.M. (2010). Evidence– based practice: step by step. Am J Nurs; 110(5), 41-47.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 José William Araújo do Nascimento; Geicianfran da Silva Lima Roque; Vitória Campos dos Santos; Jaíne Arruda Melo; Caroline Maria Santos de Assis; Carolinne Santana de Morais Mota; Wályssa Cheiza Fernandes Santos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
