Cultura de masculinidad, consumo de alcohol y riesgos de cáncer: una encuesta internacional

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42217

Palabras clave:

Cáncer; Consumo de bebidas alcohólicas; Cultura; Encuestas y cuestionarios; Latino; Masculinidad.

Resumen

Objetivo: Comprender los efectos culturales subyacentes de la masculinidad en el consumo de alcohol y el riesgo asociado al cáncer. Metodología: Una encuesta exploratoria en línea. Se recopilaron datos (2018-2019) de 176 hombres que viven en nueve países mediante la aplicación de una encuesta en línea en inglés, francés, italiano, portugués o español. Los datos sociodemográficos y las respuestas a preguntas cerradas se compilaron como estadísticas descriptivas. En las respuestas a las preguntas abiertas se realizó un análisis temático con los temas preestablecidos: consumo de alcohol y su aceptación para los hombres en los grupos etnoculturales que participan; y reflexiones sobre la evidencia científica acerca del consumo de alcohol en alta concentración y mayor riesgo de cáncer. Resultados: La mayoría de los encuestados tenían edad inferior a 30 años (33,7%). Los resultados de las submuestras lingüísticas indican que el consumo de alcohol es parte de la vida de la mayoría de los participantes (18,8%), facilita la aceptación en grupos sociales (16,9%) y no se reprime en las reuniones sociales (16,6%). La construcción (27,5%) fue la más alta entre las profesiones en las que el consumo de alcohol es más común. Entre los factores situacionales relacionados con el consumo de alcohol, los encuestados informaron estrés (18,1%), desempleo o trabajo inestable (18,0%) y problemas financieros (17,9%). Las percepciones de aceptación del consumo de alcohol están influenciadas por los valores, creencias y comportamientos tradicionales relacionados con la masculinidad, y la reconocida falta de conocimiento sobre el cáncer se reveló como condiciones que promueven un riesgo de cáncer. Conclusión: El consumo de alcohol se normaliza en cierta medida entre los hombres de diferentes edades y orígenes. La evidencia aporta datos relevantes a los formuladores de políticas públicas y promotores de salud para que desarrollen normas y programas con el fin de limitar el comportamiento poco saludable relacionado con el consumo de alcohol.

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Publicado

26/06/2023

Cómo citar

ZANCHETTA, M. S. .; FINAMORE, V.; FELIPE, I. C. V. .; BERGERON, C. M. .; NAZZAL, A. . Cultura de masculinidad, consumo de alcohol y riesgos de cáncer: una encuesta internacional. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 6, p. e24312642217, 2023. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42217. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/42217. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

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Sección

Ciencias de la salud