Cultura de masculinidade, consumo de álcool e riscos de câncer: uma pesquisa internacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v12i6.42217Palavras-chave:
Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas; Cultura; Câncer; Inquéritos e questionários; Latino; Masculinidade.Resumo
Objetivo: Compreender os efeitos culturais subjacentes da masculinidade sobre o consumo de álcool e o risco associado para câncer. Metodologia- Uma pesquisa exploratória online. Os dados foram coletados (2018-2019) de 176 homens residentes em 9 países que responderam a uma pesquisa online em inglês, francês, italiano, português ou espanhol. Os dados sociodemográficos e as respostas às questões fechadas foram compilados como estatística descritiva. As respostas às questões abertas foram analisadas por meio da análise temática com os temas pré-estabelecidos: consumo de álcool e sua aceitação pelos homens nos grupos etnoculturais dos entrevistados; e reflexões sobre evidências científicas sobre o consumo de álcool em alta concentração e risco elevado de câncer. Resultados- A maioria dos entrevistados tinha menos de 30 anos (33,7%). Os resultados das subamostras linguísticas indicam que, entre 10 afirmações, o consumo de álcool faz parte da vida da maioria dos estudantes (18,8%), facilita a aceitação nos grupos sociais (16,9%) e não é reprimido nas reuniões sociais (16,6%). A construção civil (27,5%) foi a principal entre as profissões em que o consumo de álcool é mais comum. Entre os fatores situacionais relacionados ao consumo de álcool, os entrevistados escolheram estresse (18,1%), desemprego ou emprego instável (18,0%) e problemas financeiros (17,9%). As percepções de aceitação do consumo de álcool são influenciadas por valores, crenças e comportamentos tradicionais relacionados à masculinidade e a reconhecida falta de alfabetização em câncer revelou-se como condição promotora de risco para o câncer. Conclusão- O consumo de álcool é normalizado até certo ponto entre homens de diferentes idades e origens. As evidências informam os formuladores de políticas e promotores de saúde à medida que desenvolvem legislação e programação para limitar comportamentos não saudáveis relacionados ao consumo de álcool.
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