Recomendaciones con respecto al uso de máscaras/ respiradores protectores por parte de profesionales de la salud en riesgo de exposición al sars-cov-2: scoping review

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11628

Palabras clave:

Mascarilla médica; Respirador N95; Mascarilla quirúrgica; Equipo de protección personal; Profesional de la salud.

Resumen

Objetivo: Analizar las recomendaciones gubernamentales y la evidencia científica sobre el uso de protectores respiratorios por parte de profesionales de la salud en el contexto de la pandemia SARS-CoV-2. Método: Scoping Review, siguiendo el protocolo propuesto por el Instituto Joanna Briggs (JBI), Versión 2020. Se utilizó la estrategia PCC (Population, Concept and Context) para formular la siguiente pregunta orientadora: “¿Cuáles son las recomendaciones sobre el uso de mascarillas? / respiradores de protección respiratoria por profesionales de la salud que enfrentan el riesgo de contaminación por SARS-CoV-2? ”. Se realizaron búsquedas en seis bases de datos internacionales y en literatura gris y en sitios web gubernamentales de diferentes países, de julio a agosto de 2020. Resultados: Se incluyeron 20 estudios publicados en 2020. Sobre la metodología de los estudios, 1 (5%) estudio descriptiva, 1 (5%) revisión narrativa, 2 (10%) revisión sistemática con metaanálisis, 2 revisiones sistemáticas (10%), 8 (40%) revisión de literatura y 6 (30%) informe técnico. Conclusión: Existen diferencias en cuanto a: tipo de protección respiratoria en la atención de rutina, cuando no hay generación de aerosoles, con estudios que indican el uso de mascarillas quirúrgicas y otros que recomiendan el uso de un respirador de partículas; existe una indicación de diferentes respiradores de partículas de diversos grados de protección, para un mismo escenario de exposición clínica, y existe conflicto en cuanto al escenario de mayor exposición para los profesionales de la salud, en desacuerdo sobre qué procedimientos generan aerosoles.

Citas

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Publicado

06/01/2021

Cómo citar

CAVALCANTE, W. S. .; ALMEIDA, A. G. C. dos S. .; LIMA, A. A. .; NUNES, I. C. M. .; NAGLIATE, P. de C. .; SARMENTO, P. de A. . Recomendaciones con respecto al uso de máscaras/ respiradores protectores por parte de profesionales de la salud en riesgo de exposición al sars-cov-2: scoping review. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. e16710111628, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11628. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/11628. Acesso em: 25 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud