Eje intestino-cerebro y modulación inmune neuroendocrina en enfermedades neurológicas y psiquiátricas: Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14185Palabras clave:
Microbioma Gastrointestinal; Inmunidad Activa; Trastornos Mentales; Sistemas Neurosecretores; Enfermedades del sistema nervioso.Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo explorar la influencia del eje cerebro-intestino en la modulación neuroendocrina e inmunológica en trastornos neurológicos y psiquiátricos. Esta revisión sistemática siguió las pautas de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA), y las búsquedas se realizaron en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed y SciELO utilizando combinaciones del Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Neurosecretory Systems, Immune Response, Nervous System Diseases y Mental Disorders. De los 144 estudios generados por el cruce de descriptores, 32 fueron excluidos por estar duplicados en las bases de datos, 13 por no estar relacionados con los objetivos de la revisión y otros 29 por no cumplir con los criterios de elegibilidad seleccionados. Por lo tanto, se incluyeron 70 estudios en la presente revisión. La comunicación entre el tracto gastrointestinal y el SNC se produce a través de vías neuronales, endocrinas e inmunológicas a través de a) producción de neurotransmisores, b) metabolismo del triptófano, c) modulación de la actividad inmunitaria en el SNC y SNE, d) producción de ácidos grasos de cadena corta, e) la producción de hormonas intestinales, y f) la producción de aminoácidos de cadena ramificada.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Kauê Felipe Lami; Victor Fernandes de Oliveira; Keila Zaniboni Siqueira Batista
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