Semillas de açaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) como nueva fuente alternativa de celulosa: Extracción y caracterización
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16661Palabras clave:
Residuos agroindustriales; Semilla de açaí; Celulosa.Resumen
El acaí (Euterpe precatoria Mart.) es una planta ampliamente cultivada en la región norte de Brasil. Sus frutos han ido ganando protagonismo a nivel mundial debido a sus innumerables beneficios para la salud humana. En consecuencia, la producción de celulosa ha aumentado considerablemente en los últimos años, generando importantes cantidades de residuos (principalmente semillas). Como estos residuos no tienen una disposición adecuada, o son descartados al medio ambiente o incinerados, provocando numerosos impactos ambientales. Para presentar aplicaciones alternativas de estos residuos, este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los contenidos lignocelulósicos de semillas de açaí - extractos, cenizas, lignina, celulosa (α-celulosa y hemicelulosa) - además de extraer y caracterizar la celulosa obtenida de este abundante residuo. Las semillas y la celulosa extraída se caracterizaron mediante varias técnicas: fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF), difracción de rayos X (XRD), reflectancia total atenuada con espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier (ATR / FTIR) y termogravimetría (TGA). En este estudio se confirmó el alto potencial de utilizar semillas de açaí como fuente alternativa de celulosa, ya que presenta un 45,5% de este polímero y todas las técnicas de caracterización muestran la pureza de la celulosa extraída (tipo I).
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Derechos de autor 2021 Silma de Sá Barros; Erick da Silva Oliveira; Wanison André Gil Pessoa Jr; Alexandra Lizandra Gomes Rosas; Ana Emília Margarido de Freitas; Márcia Santos de F. Lira; Fábio Leandro Calderaro; Clodoaldo Saron; Flávio Augusto de Freitas
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