Bioplaguicidas: Mecanismos de acción biocida en insectos plaga

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16893

Palabras clave:

Control Biológico; Entomopatógeno; Adhesina; Toxina cry.

Resumen

Las plagas de insectos son la principal preocupación de los agricultores, ello los ha llevado a ejercer prácticas inadecuadas de control; provocando un uso indiscriminado de los plaguicidas químicos; lo que ha traído como consecuencia el deterioro y desarmonización del ambiente y la salud humana. En los últimos años, se tiene como una alternativa saludable para el control de los insectos plaga, a los bioplaguicidas; cuyos mecanismos de acción biocida, motivó la presente revisión. En este artículo de revisión se utilizó 63 artículos científicos de investigación en entomopatógenos, de los cuales 20 corresponden a temas desde un enfoque genético (genes de virulencia), 23 artículos detallan los mecanismos de acción por hongos entomopatógenos, 08 explican los mecanismos de acción que ejerce la bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis y 12 artículos sobre características de los bioinsecticidas microbianos comerciales. Con lo cual podemos concluir que los hongos y bacterias son los microorganismos entomopatógenos más empleados en la formulación de los bioplaguicidas, siendo las especies Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana y Bacillus thuringiensis las especies más utilizadas. De este último su efectividad biocida se fundamenta en la acción de la proteína Cry y de los primeros su efectividad depende de la adhesión de la espora a la cutícula del insecto plaga.

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27/06/2021

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MIRANDA , A. V. C. .; ESPEJO, Y. del C. B.; SALAS , J. L. T. F. .; GONZALES , H. H. S. .; AGUILERA, J. G. .; MARTÍNEZ, L. A. . Bioplaguicidas: Mecanismos de acción biocida en insectos plaga. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 7, p. e42010716893, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16893. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16893. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas