Biopesticidas: Mecanismos de ação biocida em insetos-praga

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16893

Palavras-chave:

Controle Biológico; Entomopatogênico; Adhesin; Toxina Cry

Resumo

As pragas de insetos são a principal preocupação dos agricultores, o que os leva a exercer práticas de controle inadequadas; causando um uso indiscriminado de pesticidas químicos; o que resultou na deterioração e desarmonização do meio ambiente e da saúde humana. Nos últimos anos, os biopesticidas têm sido utilizados como alternativa saudável para o controle de insetos-praga; cujos mecanismos de ação biocida motivaram a presente revisão. Neste artigo de revisão, foram utilizados 63 artigos de pesquisa científica sobre entomopatógenos, dos quais 20 correspondem a tópicos de uma abordagem genética (genes de virulência), 23 artigos detalham os mecanismos de ação dos fungos entomopatogênicos, 08 explicam os mecanismos de ação que exerce a bactéria Bacillus thuringiensis e 12 artigos sobre características de bioinseticidas microbianos comerciais. Com isso podemos concluir que fungos e bactérias são os microrganismos entomopatogênicos mais utilizados na formulação de biopesticidas, sendo as espécies Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana e Bacillus thuringiensis as espécies mais utilizadas. Destas últimas, sua eficácia biocida baseia-se na ação da proteína Cry e, das primeiras, sua eficácia depende da adesão do esporo à cutícula do inseto praga.

Referências

Altamira, P. (2020). Microorganismos con actividad entomopatogena. Boletin INIA-Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. https://biblioteca.inia.cl/handle/123456789/6899

Aw, K. M. S. & Hue, S. M. (2017). Mode of Infection of Metarhizium spp. Fungus and Their Potential as Biological Control Agents. Journal of Fungi, 3(2), 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof3020030

Baratto, C. M., Dutra, V., Boldo, J. T., Leiria, L. B., Vainstein, M. H. & Schrank, A. (2006). Isolation, Characterization, and Transcriptional Analysis of the Chitinase chi2 Gene (DQ011663) from the Biocontrol Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. Anisopliae. Current Microbiology, 53(3), 217-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-006-0078-6

Bilgo, E., Lovett, B., St. Leger, R. J., Sanon, A., Dabiré, R. K & Diabaté, A. (2018). Native entomopathogenic Metarhizium spp. From Burkina Faso and their virulence against the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii and non-target insects. Parasites & Vectors, 11(1), 209. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2796-6

Bravo, A., Gómez, I., Conde, J., Muñoz-Garay, C., Sánchez, J., Miranda, R., Zhuang, M., Gill, S. S. & Soberón, M. (2004). Oligomerization triggers binding of a Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab pore-forming toxin to aminopeptidase N receptor leading to insertion into membrane microdomains. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, 1667(1), 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2004.08.013

Bravo, Pacheco, S., Gómez, I., Garcia-Gómez, B., Onofre, J. & Soberón, M. (2017). Insecticidal Proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis and Their Mechanism of Action. En L. M. Fiuza, R. A. Polanczyk y N. Crickmore (Eds.), Bacillus thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus sphaericus: Characterization and use in the field of biocontrol (pp. 53-66). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56678-8_4

Bustillo, A. (2001). Hongos e insectos y posibilidades de uso de control biológico de plagas en colombia. seminario Uso de entomopatógenos en Colombia. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/275462138_HONGOS_EN_INSECTOSy_POSIBILIDADES_DE_USO_EN_EL_CONTROL_BIOLOGICO_DE_PLAGAS_EN_COLOMBIA

Butt, T. M., Coates, C. J., Dubovskiy, I. M. & Ratcliffe, N. A. (2016). Chapter Nine - Entomopathogenic Fungi: New Insights into Host–Pathogen Interactions. En B. Lovett y R. J. St. Leger (Eds.), Advances in Genetics, 94, 307-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.adgen.2016.01.006

Charnley, A. K. (1992). Mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis in insects with particular reference to locusts. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=GB9124433

de Melo, N. R. de, Abdrahman, A., Greig, C., Mukherjee, K., Thornton, C., Ratcliffe, N. A., Vilcinskas, A. & Butt, T. M. (2013). Myriocin Significantly Increases the Mortality of a Non-Mammalian Model Host during Candida Pathogenesis. PLOS ONE, 8(11), e78905. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078905

Deng, C., Peng, Q., Song, F. & Lereclus, D. (2014). Regulation of cry Gene Expression in Bacillus thuringiensis. Toxins, 6(7), 2194-2209. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins6072194

Donzelli, B. G. G., Krasnoff, S. B., Churchill, A. C. L., Vandenberg, J. D. & Gibson, D. M. (2010). Identification of a hybrid PKS–NRPS required for the biosynthesis of NG-391 in Metarhizium robertsii. Current Genetics, 56(2), 151-162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-010-0288-0

Fang, W., Leng, B., Xiao, Y., Jin, K., Ma, J., Fan, Y., Feng, J., Yang, X., Zhang, Y. & Pei, Y. (2005). Cloning of Beauveria bassiana Chitinase Gene Bbchit1 and Its Application To Improve Fungal Strain Virulence. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(1), 363-370. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.1.363-370.2005

Fang, W., Pei, Y. & Bidochka, M. (2007). A regulator of a G protein signalling (RGS) gene, cag8, from the insect-pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is involved in conidiation, virulence and hydrophobin synthesis. Microbiology, 153, 1017-1025. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.2006/002105-0

Fargues, J. (1984). Adhesion of the fungal spore to the insect cuticle in relation to pathogenicity. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US8719800

Feldhaar, H. & Gross, R. (2008). Immune reactions of insects on bacterial pathogens and mutualists. Microbes and Infection, 10(9), 1082-1088. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micinf.2008.07.010

Fernández, C. & Juncosa, R. (2002). Biopesticidas:¿ la agricultura del futuro. Phytoma, 141, 14-19. https://infoxica2.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/1-12-biopesticidas-c2bf-la-agricultura-del-futuro.pdf

Freimoser, F. M., Grundschober, A., Tuor, U. & Aebi, M. (2003). Regulation of hyphal growth and sporulation of the insect pathogenic fungus Entomophthora thripidum in vitro. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 222(2), 281-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00315-X

Griko, N. B., Rose-Young, L., Zhang, X., Carpenter, L., Candas, M., Ibrahim, M. A., Junker, M. & Bulla, L. A. (2007). Univalent Binding of the Cry1Ab Toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis to a Conserved Structural Motif in the Cadherin Receptor BT-R1. Biochemistry, 46(35), 10001-10007. https://doi.org/10.1021/bi700769s

Güney, E., Adıgüzel, A., Demirbağ, Z. & Sezen, K. (2019). Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki strains produce vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vip 3) with high potential. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 29(1), 81. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-019-0180-2

Hajek, A. E. & St. Leger, R. J. (1994). Interactions Between Fungal Pathogens and Insect Hosts. Annual Review of Entomology, 39(1), 293-322. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.en.39.010194.001453

Hernandez-Fernandez, J. (2016). Bacillus thuringiensis: A natural tool in insect pest control. The handbook of microbial bioresources, 121-139. https://www.cabi.org/cabebooks/ebook/20163199951

Holder, D. J. & Keyhani, N. O. (2005). Adhesion of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria (Cordyceps) bassiana to Substrata. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 71(9), 5260-5266. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.9.5260-5266.2005

Huang, W., Shang, Y., Chen, P., Gao, Q. & Wang, C. (2015). MrpacC regulates sporulation, insect cuticle penetration and immune evasion in Metarhizium robertsii. Environmental Microbiology, 17(4), 994-1008. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12451

Ibarra, J. E. (2006). Los microorganismos en el control biológico de insectos y fitopatógenos. Rev Latinoam Microbiol, 8 https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/lamicro/mi-2006/mi062k.pdf

Jiang, H., Vilcinskas, A. & Kanost, M. R. (2010). Immunity in Lepidopteran Insects. En K. Söderhäll (Ed.), Invertebrate Immunity, 181-204. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8059-5_10

Lacey, L. A., Grzywacz, D., Shapiro-Ilan, D. I., Frutos, R., Brownbridge, M. & Goettel, M. S. (2015). Insect pathogens as biological control agents: Back to the future. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 132, 1-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2015.07.009

Lee, S. J., Lee, M. R., Kim, S., Kim, J. C., Park, S. E., Li, D., Shin, T. Y., Nai, Y.-S. & Kim, J. S. (2018). Genomic Analysis of the Insect-Killing Fungus Beauveria bassiana JEF-007 as a Biopesticide. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 12388. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30856-1

Li, J., Ying, S.-H., Shan, L.-T. & Feng, M.-G. (2010). A new non-hydrophobic cell wall protein (CWP10) of Metarhizium anisopliae enhances conidial hydrophobicity when expressed in Beauveria bassiana. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 85(4), 975-984. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2083-8

Litwin, A., Nowak, M. & Różalska, S. (2020). Entomopathogenic fungi: Unconventional applications. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 19(1), 23-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-020-09525-1

López-Pazos, S. A. & Cerón, J. (2010). Proteínas Cry de Bacillus thuringiensis y su interacción con coleópteros. NOVA, 8(14), Article 14. https://doi.org/10.22490/24629448.449

Moreno, I. M. A. (2012). Bacillus thuringiensis, el ingrediente activo de bioinsecticidas. 17(63). http://www.comprendamos.org/alephzero/63/aleph63.pdf

Muñoz T., P. A. (2018). Microorganismos como una alternativa al uso de agroquímicos. Idesia (Arica), 36(1), 3-5. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-34292018000100003

Ortiz-Urquiza, A. & Keyhani, N. O. (2013). Action on the surface: Entomopathogenic fungi versus the insect cuticle. Insects 4: 357–374. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26462424/

Pedrini, N., Crespo, R. & Juárez, M. P. (2007). Biochemistry of insect epicuticle degradation by entomopathogenic fungi. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 146(1), 124-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2006.08.003

Pigott, C. R. & Ellar, D. J. (2007). Role of Receptors in Bacillus thuringiensis Crystal Toxin Activity. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 71(2), 255-281. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00034-06

Pucheta, M., Flores-Macías, A., Rodríguez-Navarro, S. y Torre, M. (2006). Mecanismo de acción de los hongos entomopatógenos. Interciencia: Revista de ciencia y tecnología de América, 31(12), 856-860. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/339/33901204.pdf

Roberts, D. W. & Humber, R. A. (1981). Entomogenous fungi. Biology of conidial fungi, 2(201), e236. https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1535851

Rother, E. T. (2007). Revisão sistemática x Revisão Narrativa. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 20(2).

Rosas-García, N. M., Avalos-de-León, O., Villegas-Mendoza, J. M., Mireles-Martínez, M., Barboza-Corona, J. E. & Castañeda-Ramírez, J. C. (2014). Correlation between Pr1 and Pr2 gene content and virulence in Metarhizium anisopliae strains. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24(11), 1495-1502. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1404.04044

Samuels, R., Paula, A., Carolino, A., Gomes, S., Paula, C., Cypriano, M., Silva, L., Ribeiro, A., Bastos, J. & Peres, C. (2016). Entomopathogenic organisms: Conceptual advances and real-world applications for mosquito biological control. Open Access Insect Physiology, 25. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAIP.S68850

Sanchis, V. y Bourguet, D. (2009). Bacillus thuringiensis: Applications in Agriculture and Insect Resistance Management - A Review. En E. Lichtfouse, M. Navarrete, P. Debaeke, S. Véronique y C. Alberola (Eds.), Sustainable Agriculture, 243-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_16

Santi, L., Beys da Silva, W. O., Berger, M., Guimarães, J. A., Schrank, A. & Vainstein, M. H. (2010). Conidial surface proteins of Metarhizium anisopliae: Source of activities related with toxic effects, host penetration and pathogenesis. Toxicon, 55(4), 874-880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.12.012

Schnepf, E., Crickmore, N., Rie, J. V., Lereclus, D., Baum, J., Feitelson, J., Zeigler, D. R. & Dean, D. H. (1998). Bacillus thuringiensis and Its Pesticidal Crystal Proteins. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62(3), 775-806. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.62.3.775-806.1998

SENASA (2021). Lista de productos biologicos formulados registrados. https://www.senasa.gob.pe/senasa/insumos-inocuidad-organica-semillas/

Sevim, A., Donzelli, B., Wu, D., Demirbag, Z., Gibson, D. & Turgeon, G. (2012). Hydrophobin genes of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium brunneum, are diVerentially expressed and corresponding mutants are decreased in virulence. Current genetics, 58, 79-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-012-0366-6

Shang, Y., Chen, P., Chen, Y., Lu, Y. & Wang, C. (2015). MrSkn7 Controls Sporulation, Cell Wall Integrity, Autolysis, and Virulence in Metarhizium robertsii. Eukaryotic Cell, 14(4), 396-405. https://doi.org/10.1128/EC.00266-14

Sharma, A., Srivastava, A., Shukla, A. K., Srivastava, K., Srivastava, A. K. & Saxena, A. K. (2020). Entomopathogenic Fungi: A Potential Source for Biological Control of Insect Pests. En M. K. Solanki, P. L. Kashyap y B. Kumari (Eds.), Phytobiomes: Current Insights and Future Vistas, 225-250. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3151-4_9

Skinner, M., Parker, B. L. & Kim, J. S. (2014). Chapter 10—Role of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Integrated Pest Management. En D. P. Abrol (Ed.), Integrated Pest Management, 169-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-398529-3.00011-7

Tanada, Y. & Kaya, H. K. (2012). Insect Pathology. Academic Press. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780123849847/insect-pathology

Téllez-Jurado, A., Cruz Ramírez, M. G., Mercado Flores, Y., Asaff Torres, A. & Arana-Cuenca, A. (2009). Mecanismos de acción y respuesta en la relación de hongos entomopatógenos e insectos. Revista mexicana de micología, 30, 73-80. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237041725_Mecanismos_de_accion_y_respuesta_en_la_relacion_de_hongos_entomopatogenos_e_insectos

Uchida, R., Imasato, R., Yamaguchi, Y., Masuma, R., Shiomi, K., Tomoda, H. & Ōmura, S. (2005). New Insecticidal Antibiotics, Hydroxyfungerins A and B, Produced by Metarhizium sp. FKI-1079. The Journal of Antibiotics, 58(12), 804-809. https://doi.org/10.1038/ja.2005.107

Vachon, V., Laprade, R. & Schwartz, J.-L. (2012). Current models of the mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins: A critical review. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 111(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2012.05.001

Villarreal-Delgado, M. F., Villa-Rodríguez, E. D., Cira-Chávez, L. A., Estrada-Alvarado, M. I., Parra-Cota, F. I., Santos-Villalobos, S. de los, Villarreal-Delgado, M. F., Villa-Rodríguez, E. D., Cira-Chávez, L. A., Estrada-Alvarado, M. I., Parra-Cota, F. I. & Santos-Villalobos, S. de los. (2018). El género Bacillus como agente de control biológico y sus implicaciones en la bioseguridad agrícola. Revista mexicana de fitopatología, 36(1), 95-130. https://doi.org/10.18781/r.mex.fit.1706-5

Wang, B., Kang, Q., Lu, Y., Bai, L. & Wang, C. (2012). Unveiling the biosynthetic puzzle of destruxins in Metarhizium species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(4), 1287-1292. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1115983109

Wang, C. & Leger, R. J. S. (2006). A collagenous protective coat enables Metarhizium anisopliae to evade insect immune responses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(17), 6647-6652. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601951103

Wang, C., Typas, M. A. & Butt, T. M. (2002). Detection and characterisation of pr1 virulent gene deficiencies in the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 213(2), 251-255. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11314.x

Wang, J., Chen, J., Hu, Y., Ying, S.-H. & Feng, M.-G. (2020). Roles of six Hsp70 genes in virulence, cell wall integrity, antioxidant activity and multiple stress tolerance of Beauveria bassiana. Fungal Genetics and Biology, 144, 103437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2020.103437

Xie, T., Wang, Y., Yu, D., Zhang, Q., Zhang, T., Wang, Z. & Huang, B. (2019). MrSVP, a secreted virulence-associated protein, contributes to thermotolerance and virulence of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii. BMC Microbiology, 19(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1396-8

Xu, C., Wang, B.-C., Yu, Z. & Sun, M. (2014). Structural Insights into Bacillus thuringiensis Cry, Cyt and Parasporin Toxins. Toxins, 6(9), 2732-2770. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins6092732

Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Fang, W., Zhang, J., Luo, Z., Zhang, M., Fan, Y. & Pei, Y. (2009). Mitogen-activated protein kinase hog1 in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana regulates environmental stress responses and virulence to insects. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75(11), 3787-3795. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01913-08

Zhou, G., Ying, S.-H., Hu, Y., Fang, X., Feng, M.-G. & Wang, J. (2018). Roles of Three HSF Domain-Containing Proteins in Mediating Heat-Shock Protein Genes and Sustaining Asexual Cycle, Stress Tolerance, and Virulence in Beauveria bassiana. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01677

Zhu, Y., Pan, J., Qiu, J. & Guan, X. (2008). Isolation and characterization of a chitinase gene from entomopathogenic fungus Verticillium lecanii. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 39(2), 314-320. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822008000200022

Downloads

Publicado

27/06/2021

Como Citar

MIRANDA , A. V. C. .; ESPEJO, Y. del C. B.; SALAS , J. L. T. F. .; GONZALES , H. H. S. .; AGUILERA, J. G. .; MARTÍNEZ, L. A. . Biopesticidas: Mecanismos de ação biocida em insetos-praga. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 7, p. e42010716893, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16893. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/16893. Acesso em: 22 dez. 2024.

Edição

v. 10 n. 7

Seção

Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas

Licença

Copyright (c) 2021 Angela Verónica Choque Miranda ; Yemile del Carmen Berrios Espejo; Jorge Luis Tomas Florez Salas ; Hebert Hernan Soto Gonzales ; Jorge González Aguilera; Leandris Argentel Martínez

Creative Commons License
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:

1) Autores mantém os direitos autorais e concedem à revista o direito de primeira publicação, com o trabalho simultaneamente licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite o compartilhamento do trabalho com reconhecimento da autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.

2) Autores têm autorização para assumir contratos adicionais separadamente, para distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicada nesta revista (ex.: publicar em repositório institucional ou como capítulo de livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.

3) Autores têm permissão e são estimulados a publicar e distribuir seu trabalho online (ex.: em repositórios institucionais ou na sua página pessoal) a qualquer ponto antes ou durante o processo editorial, já que isso pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como aumentar o impacto e a citação do trabalho publicado.