Adherencia a la higiene de manos como control de la infección hospitalaria en la pandemia del COVID-19: Revisión de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17848Palabras clave:
Control de enfermedades transmisibles; Control de infección; COVID-19; Higiene de manos; Higienización.Resumen
Objetivo: Verificar la adherencia a la higiene de manos por parte de los profesionales de la salud en la lucha contra la pandemia COVID-19. Metodología: Se revisaron los artículos encontrados en las bases de datos PubMed / MEDLINE, SCOPUS y Cochrane Library. Se definieron los siguientes criterios de inclusión: estudios transversales realizados mediante observación o cuestionario que evaluaran la adherencia de los profesionales de la salud a la higiene de manos durante la pandemia COVID-19, publicados de enero de 2020 a mayo de 2021. Tras las búsquedas, los artículos seleccionados los resúmenes se leyeron en su totalidad. Se excluyeron los estudios que no especificaron el período en el que se realizaron. Resultados: Se encontraron 331 artículos, sin embargo solo 23 fueron incluidos en la revisión de la literatura, mostrando que la observación más prevalente fue en relación a la exposición o tiempo de higiene de manos, evaluada en 11 estudios. Conclusión: La tasa de adherencia a la higiene de manos en la pandemia fue significativamente mayor en comparación con el período anterior al COVID-19. Los médicos y enfermeras son los profesionales que se lavan las manos con mayor frecuencia durante la pandemia, especialmente después del contacto con pacientes. Los técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería, por otro lado, eran menos hábiles. La frecuencia de limpieza fue mayor en los picos de transmisión del SARS-CoV-2.
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