Lesiones cervicales no cariosas y factores de riesgo en deportistas brasileños: Estudio transversal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i9.17859Palabras clave:
Estudios transversales; Factores de riesgo; Odontología deportiva; Atletas; Sensibilidad dentinaria; Desgaste dental.Resumen
Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la prevalencia de lesiones cervicales no cariosas (NCCL), hipersensibilidad dentinaria cervical (HDC) y recesión gingival (RG) y sus factores de riesgo asociados en deportistas. Metodología: se utilizó un cuestionario para obtener información básica. Un evaluador examinó clínicamente a todos los sujetos. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante regresión múltiple de Poisson con varianza robusta, calculando la razón de prevalencia y los intervalos de confianza (95%). Resultados: La muestra final estuvo constituida por 264 deportistas de diferentes deportes (7285 dientes). La edad de los deportistas osciló entre los 17 y los 46 años (media: 20,33 años). La mayoría de los deportistas eran hombres (90,46%). Los dientes más afectados por NCCL fueron los primeros premolares superiores (29,35%), y la prevalencia de NCCL aumentó con la edad. CDH estaba presente en el incisivo central mandibular (20,13%) y el 56,52% de los atletas tenía uno o dos dientes con CDH. La prevalencia de NCCL, CDH y GR fue del 17,42%, 35,35% y 59,09%, respectivamente. La regresión lineal muestra que los factores de riesgo más importantes para NCCL fueron la edad, las horas de entrenamiento, el estrés, la fuerza excesiva de cepillado y el aparato de ortodoncia; para CDH fueron edad, educación, tipo de deporte, horas de entrenamiento y dieta ácida; y para RG fueron la edad, los ingresos, la educación, el tipo de deporte y el cepillado de dientes excesivo. Conclusión: Debe entenderse que la presencia de todos los elementos son factores capaces de desestabilizar la vida diaria del deportista. Los deportistas tienen factores de riesgo que están estrechamente relacionados con la aparición y progresión de la enfermedad. Es necesario que el dentista conozca las medidas para prevenir y minimizar los daños.
Citas
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Derechos de autor 2021 Andrea Barros Tolentino; Livia Fávaro Zeola; Alexandre Coelho Machado; Paulo Vinicius Soares; Ana Cecilia Correa Aranha; Neide Pena Coto
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