Intervenciones mejoradas con robots y comportamientos repetitivos y estereotipados en niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista: una revisión de alcance

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i11.20269

Palabras clave:

Trastorno del Εspectro Αutista; Comportamientos repetitivos y estereotipados; Robots; Robótica; Intervenciones; Niños.

Resumen

Los comportamientos repetitivos y estereotipados (CREs) son síntomas centrales del Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) y afectan la funcionalidad de las personas con TEA. La terapia asistida por robot puede ser beneficiosa para los niños con TEA de varias maneras, pero la investigación relevante que se centra específicamente en las intervenciones mejoradas por robot (IMR) para los CREs en niños con TEA ha sido limitada. Se realizó una revisión del alcance para explorar el papel de los IMR en los CREs de los niños con TEA e investigar los componentes de los IMR centrándose en los CREs de niños más pequeños y mayores con TEA. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, MEDLINE y Google Scholar, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con robots, TEA, CREs y niños. De los 89 estudios identificados, 10 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Participaron 99 participantes de 3 a 14 años (media de 7,27 años) de seis países de tres continentes diferentes. Estos estudios variaron con respecto al tamaño de la muestra, el diseño de la investigación, el robot utilizado, la duración de la intervención, el entrenamiento y el tipo de medición. Después de la aplicación de la mayoría de los IMR, los participantes mostraron una reducción en los CREs. Solo un estudio informó que IMR condujo a un cierto aumento en los comportamientos estereotipados en niños con TEA y uno no detectó cambios relacionados con el entrenamiento en los comportamientos repetitivos. Los hallazgos de la revisión indican el potencial de los IMR para reducir los CREs en niños con TEA, pero los estudios relevantes fueron diversos, y se necesitan estudios controlados con muestras más grandes de niños y un diseño riguroso para aclarar su impacto.

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Publicado

11/09/2021

Cómo citar

SYRIOPOULOU-DELLI, C. K.; ZYGOPOULOU, M. Intervenciones mejoradas con robots y comportamientos repetitivos y estereotipados en niños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista: una revisión de alcance. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 11, p. e564101120269, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i11.20269. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/20269. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

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Sección

Ciencias de la educación