Factores associados com la aterosclerosis subclínica em pacientes infectados por el VIH del noreste de Brasil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20484

Palabras clave:

VIH; SIDA; Factores de riesgo cardiovascular; Score de calcio coronario; Calcificación coronaria.

Resumen

Introducción: El SIDA ha cambiado su curva de morbilidad, aumentando la enfermedad cardiovascular. Los pacientes infectados por el VIH tienen mayores tasas de eventos cardiovasculares, pero los datos sobre la prevalencia de la aterosclerosis subclínica no son uniformes. Métodos: A los pacientes infectados por el VIH se les realizó una tomografía coronaria para evaluar el SC. Se realizó una comparación entre 97 pacientes infectados por el VIH y 129 controles sanos seronegativos. Resultados: los pacientes infectados por el VIH con CE por encima de cero eran mayores (54,8 ± 7,0 frente a 43,3,5 ± 11,0 años) y más propensos a tener hipertensión (36,7% frente a 12,5%) que el VIH (-) sin CE. Los factores asociados con la CE alterada en el índice de riesgo no ajustado fueron la edad (HR = 1,13; IC del 95% = 1,07-1,20) y la hipertensión (HR = 4,05; IC del 95% = 1,42-11,60). Cuando se construyó la razón de riesgo ajustada, el sexo masculino y el uso de inhibidores de la proteasa (IP) aparecieron como factores asociados con la calcificación coronaria. Los pacientes infectados por el VIH tenían menos probabilidades de tener hipertensión (20,2% frente a 50,4%; p <0,001) y diabetes (5,3% frente a 23,3%) que los que no estaban infectados por el VIH. Conclusión: La mayor incidencia de EC se asoció con la edad, el sexo masculino y el uso de IP entre los pacientes infectados por el VIH. A pesar de ser más jóvenes, factores de riesgo menos tradicionales y enfermedades controladas, las PVVIH tenían niveles de CE similares en comparación con los controles. Además del virus en sí, los antirretrovirales juegan un papel importante, ya que controlan los virus a expensas de empeorar el perfil lipídico.

Citas

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Publicado

26/09/2021

Cómo citar

BURGOS, U. M. M. C. .; MELO, E. V. de .; SILVA, A. M. da .; SOUSA, A. C. S. .; MATOS, W. de .; REIS, M. A. M. .; BEZERRA, L. A. .; CORREIA FILHO, D.; OLIVEIRA, J. L. M. . Factores associados com la aterosclerosis subclínica em pacientes infectados por el VIH del noreste de Brasil . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 12, p. e442101220484, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20484. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/20484. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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Ciencias de la salud