Evaluación preliminar de la fitoquímica y la actividad antimicrobiana de extractos en Eugenia uniflora L. sobre Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i13.20579Palabras clave:
Actividad bacteriana; Productos naturales; Microorganismos.Resumen
Debido a la mayor resistencia de los patógenos humanos y animales a los fármacos actuales, se ha fomentado la investigación de nuevos antimicrobianos, principalmente a través de plantas medicinales. Eugenia uniflora L., conocida como pitangueira, se utiliza popularmente con varias funciones terapéuticas, lo que justifica los estudios en esta especie. Así, los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar la actividad antibacteriana “in vitro” de extractos de hojas y corteza de Eugenia uniflora L. sobre Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus. Para las etapas de cribado fitoquímico y microbiológico, se utilizaron las metodologías habituales en estas áreas para obtener extractos y evaluar la actividad antibacteriana utilizando controles positivos y negativos. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que en el extracto de hoja se verificó la presencia de saponinas, flavonoides, alcaloides y taninos, mientras que en la corteza solo se obtuvieron saponinas y alcaloides. Los extractos de hojas y corteza fueron capaces de inhibir el crecimiento de Stapylococcus aureus únicamente, promoviendo halos de inhibición media de 19,4 mm y 14,4 mm, respectivamente. Los análisis permitieron concluir que los extractos presentan metabolitos secundarios interesantes y de gran potencial antimicrobiano y que estos extractos fueron capaces de inhibir solo las cepas de S. aureus, siendo resistentes a las cepas de E. Coli.
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