Programas de intervención temprana para niños pequeños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i14.21935

Palabras clave:

Trastornos del Espectro Autista; Autismo; Intervención temprana; Niños pequeños; Padres.

Resumen

Esta revisión identificó ocho ensayos controlados aleatorios (ECA) que evaluaron los programas de intervención temprana (IE) para lactantes en el grupo de edad de 18 a 48 meses que habían sido diagnosticados o se consideraban en riesgo de tener un trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Los estudios se resumieron en términos de características de los participantes, características de la intervención, rigor del estudio / investigación y resultados. Las características de la intervención incluyeron la provisión de capacitación a los padres. Todos los estudios utilizaron un diseño de ECA, con sujetos de control que eran lactantes de desarrollo típico (DT) o lactantes con TEA que seguían el "tratamiento habitual" (TAU) u otro tratamiento, y todos se calificaron como sólidos en términos de calidad / rigor. Se registraron resultados positivos para la aceptabilidad y satisfacción de los padres y la reducción del estrés parental. En la mayoría de los estudios, se mejoraron las habilidades de comunicación social y desarrollo de los niños pequeños. Concluimos que los programas de IE para los TEA son prometedores y pueden ser beneficiosos tanto para los niños pequeños como para los padres, pero el número limitado de ECA y la amplia variedad de programas de intervención e instrumentos de evaluación utilizados indica la necesidad de realizar investigaciones adicionales para evaluar los beneficios específicos.

Biografía del autor/a

Elpis Papaefstathiou, University of Macedonia

Psychologist and special education teacher, MSc in Special Education

Eleni Gkiolnta, University of Macedonia

Teacher, MSc Special Education

Kyriaki Sarri, University of Macedonia

 Teacher, MSc ICT in Education

Citas

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Publicado

27/10/2021

Cómo citar

PAPAEFSTATHIOU, E.; ZYGOPOULOU , M.; GKIOLNTA, E.; SARRI, K.; SYRIOPOULOU-DELLI , C. K. Programas de intervención temprana para niños pequeños con Trastorno del Espectro Autista: una revisión sistemática. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 10, n. 14, p. e103101421935, 2021. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v10i14.21935. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/21935. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la educación