Influencia de la actividad física en la inducción de la autofagia y la reducción de la incidencia de cáncer: una revision crítica de los mecanismos fisiológicos y metabólicos.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i16.24223Palabras clave:
Autofagia; Ejercicio físico; Prevención de enfermedades; Neoplasias.Resumen
Objetivo: Conocer los principales mecanismos de autofagia descritos por la actividad física y su relación con la reducción de la incidencia de cáncer. Material y métodos: La recogida de datos se realizó mediante el análisis de la literatura científica disponible en las bases de datos MEDLINE, ScienceDirect y Wiley, de forma independiente y manual. Los términos "cáncer", "autofagia" y "actividad física" se utilizaron como descriptores de búsqueda, y el período de tiempo para las publicaciones abarcó los años 1990 a 2020. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: "trabajos publicados en el ámbito del estudio, publicados en el período mencionado”. Y como criterio de exclusión: “trabajos no relacionados con el tema de estudio y con informes que ya están desactualizados según la literatura actual”. Resultados: La actividad física influye positivamente en diferentes sistemas, provocando cambios agudos y crónicos. Los beneficios en patologías metabólicas, inmunitarias, cancerosas, cardiovasculares, psiquiátricas y neurológicas son indiscutibles y los mecanismos se están dilucidando. La autofagia media la digestión y reciclaje de partes celulares obsoletas durante inanición y participa en una variedad de procesos fisiológicos de eliminación de desechos. eliminar microorganismos, agregados proteicos tóxicos, genotóxicos, que juegan roles durante la infección, el envejecimiento y la patogénesis de la enfermedad. Conclusión: A partir del análisis de los mecanismos involucrados en la autofagia inducida por la actividad física, tres puntos principales Se postularon: 1) Vía mTORC1 inactivada por inanición, 2) Regulación por especies reactivas de oxígeno e hipoxia, 3) Regulación de la autofagia por vías alternativas a mTORC1.
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Derechos de autor 2021 Wesley Gabriel Novaes Botelho; Alcântara Ramos de Assis César; Kádima Nayara Teixeira
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