Aislamiento y caracterización de cepas halófilas de charque

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26368

Palabras clave:

Bacteria; Archaea; Características fisiológicas.

Resumen

El charque es un producto alimenticio típicamente brasileño que consiste en agregar sal (cloruro de sodio - NaCl) a la carne bovina. La sal se utiliza como conservante principal en la preparación de carnes secas, sin embargo ciertas especies de microorganismos, conocidos como halófilos, se desarrollan idealmente en presencia de altas concentraciones de sal y consecuentemente los alimentos salados pueden contener halófilos y provocar cambios indeseables en estos productos. En este contexto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo aislar, caracterizar y evaluar los parámetros de crecimiento de cepas halófilas aisladas de charque. Se aislaron dos cepas halófilas, siendo la cepa C11 con características morfológicas de cocos colonia crema blanca, mientras que la cepa V22 presentó pleomorfa pigmentada en rojo. Ambas cepas fueron gram negativas, catalasa y oxidada positivas, con un tiempo de crecimiento ideal a los 15 días de incubación a 37 °C. Las cepas fueron neutrófilos, creciendo solo a pH 7.0 y luego de un diseño experimental factorial 2x3, para evaluar y optimizar el crecimiento de las cepas en diferentes concentraciones de NaCl, MgCl2 y extracto de levadura. Encontramos que, para ambas condiciones óptimas de crecimiento, las variables estudiadas oscilaron entre 25 y 35 g L-1 de MgCl2, 5 g L-1 de extracto de levadura, pero para NaCl, la cepa C11 no creció en un medio que contenía 300 (óptimamente a 200) g L-1, mientras que V22 no creció en medio que contenía 100 (óptimamente a 300) g L-1. Por tanto, las características de los aislados sugieren que pertenecen a la familia Halobacteriaceae.

Citas

Akolkar, A. V., Durai, D., & Desai, A. J. (2010). Halobacterium sp. SP1 as starter culture for accelerating fish sauce fermentation. Journal of applied microbiology, 109(1), 44-53.

Amoozegar, M. A., Siroosi, M., Atashgahi, S., Smidt, H., & Ventosa, A. (2017). Systematics of haloarchaea and biotechnological potential of their hydrolytic enzymes. Microbiology, 163(5), 623-645.

Bianchin, M., Yamashita, F., & Benassi, M. D. T. (2017). Microwave assisted saponification for diterpenes extraction in roasted arabica coffee. Química Nova, 40(9), 1039-1044.

Birbir, M., Calli, B., Mertoglu, B., Bardavid, R. E., Oren, A., Ogmen, M. N., & Ogan, A. (2007). Extremely halophilic Archaea from Tuz Lake, Turkey, and the adjacent Kaldirim and Kayacik salterns. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23(3), 309-316.

Box, G. E., & Draper, N. R. (1987). Empirical model-building and response surfaces. John Wiley & Sons.

Brasil. (2020). Instrução Normativa Nº 92, de 18 de setembro de 2020. Dispõe Sobre a Identidade e os Requisitos de Qualidade do Charque, da Carne Salgada Curada Dessecada, do Miúdo Salgado Dessecado e do Miúdo Salgado Curado Dessecado. https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/instrucao-normativa-n-92-de-18-de-setembro-de-2020-278692460

Caglayan, P., Birbir, M. E. R. A. L., Sanchez-Porro, C., & Ventosa, A. (2017). Screening of industrially important enzymes produced by moderately halophilic bacteria isolated from salted sheep skins of diverse origin. Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association, 112(06), 207-216.

Cui, H. L., Lü, Z. Z., Li, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2017). Salinirussus salinus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology, 67(9), 3622-3626.

DaSarma, S., & Arora, P. (2002). Halophiles. Encyclopedia of life sciences. London. Nature Publishing Group, 8, 458-466.

Dussault, H. P. (1955). An improved technique for staining red halophilic bacteria. Journal of bacteriology, 70(4), 484-485.

Enquahone, S., van Marle, G., Gessesse, A., & Simachew, A. (2020). Molecular identification and evaluation of the impact of red heat damage causing halophilic microbes on salted hide and skin. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 150, 104940.

Grant, W. D. (2001). Class III. Halobacteria class nov. Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology, 1, 294-301.

Gupta, R. S., Naushad, S., & Baker, S. (2015). Phylogenomic analyses and molecular signatures for the class Halobacteria and its two major clades: a proposal for division of the class Halobacteria into an emended order Halobacteriales and two new orders, Haloferacales ord. nov. and Natrialbales ord. nov., containing the novel families Haloferacaceae fam. nov. and Natrialbaceae fam. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 65(Pt_3), 1050-1069.

Hasan, S. M., & Mohammadian, J. (2011). Isolation and characterization of Halobacterium salinarum from saline lakes in Iran.

Holding, A. J., & Collee, J. G. (1971). Chapter I Routine biochemical tests. In Methods in microbiology (Vol. 6, pp. 1-32). Academic Press.

Hwang, C. Y., Cho, E. S., Yoon, D. J., & Seo, M. J. (2021). Halobellus ruber sp. nov., a deep red-pigmented extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a Korean solar saltern. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 1-15.

Kumar, V., & Tiwari, S. K. (2019). Halocin diversity among Halophilic Archaea and their applications. In Microbial diversity in ecosystem sustainability and biotechnological applications (pp. 497-532). Springer, Singapore.

Lee, H. S. (2013). Diversity of halophilic archaea in fermented foods and human intestines and their application. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23(12), 1645-1653.

Inguglia, E. S., Zhang, Z., Tiwari, B. K., Kerry, J. P., & Burgess, C. M. (2017). Salt reduction strategies in processed meat products–A review. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 59, 70-78.

Lorentzen, G., Breiland, M. S. W., Østli, J., Wang-Andersen, J., & Olsen, R. L. (2015). Growth of halophilic microorganisms and histamine content in dried salt-cured cod (Gadus morhua L.) stored at elevated temperature. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 60(1), 598-602.

Madigan, M. T., Martinko, J. M., Bender, K. S., Buckley, D. H., & Stahl, D. A. (2016). Microbiologia de Brock-14ª Edição. Artmed Editora.

Makhdoumi-Kakhki, A., Amoozegar, M. A., & Ventosa, A. (2012). Halovenus aranensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon from Aran-Bidgol salt lake. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 62(Pt_6), 1331-1336.

Minegishi, H., Echigo, A., Shimane, Y., Kamekura, M., Itoh, T., Ohkuma, M., & Usami, R. (2015). Halococcus agarilyticus sp. nov., an agar-degrading haloarchaeon isolated from commercial salt. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 65(Pt_5), 1634-1639.

Moschetti, G., Aponte, M., Blaiotta, G., Casaburi, A., Chiurazzi, M., Ventorino, V., & Villani, F. (2006). Characterization of halophilic Archaea isolated from different hypersaline ecosystems. Annals of Microbiology, 56(2), 119-127.

Mullakhanbhai, M. F., & Larsen, H. (1975). Halobacterium volcanii spec. nov., a dead dea halobacterium with a moderate salt requirement. Archives of Microbiology, 104(1), 207-214.

Okmen, G., & Arslan, A. (2019). The effects of environmental conditions on growths of halophilic archaea isolated from Lake Tuz. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(9), 5155-5162.

Oren, A. (2002). Adaptation of halophilic archaea to life at high salt concentrations. In Salinity: environment-plants-molecules (pp. 81-96). Springer, Dordrecht.

Oren, A. (2014). Taxonomy of halophilic Archaea: current status and future challenges. Extremophiles, 18(5), 825-834.

Oren, A., & Shilo, M. (1981). Bacteriorhodopsin in a bloom of halobacteria in the Dead Sea. Archives of Microbiology, 130(2), 185-187.

Oren, A., Ventosa, A., & Grant, W. D. (1997). Proposed minimal standards for description of new taxa in the order Halobacteriales. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 47(1), 233-238.

Paim, B. T., Leães, Y. S. V., Vargas, P. R. M. C., & da Silva, L. R. (2017). Análise bromatológica do charque de agroindústrias com sistema de inspeção sisbi-poa no município de Alegrete/RS. Revista da Jornada de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa-Congrega Urcamp, 520-523.

Paixão, G. C., Pantoja, L. D. M., Brito, E. H. S., & Mourão, C. B. I. (2015). Desvendando o mundo invisível da microbiologia. EdUECE,

Picchi, V. (2015). História, ciência e tecnologia da carne bovina. Paco Editorial.

Quadri, I., Hassani, I. I., l’Haridon, S., Chalopin, M., Hacène, H., & Jebbar, M. (2016). Characterization and antimicrobial potential of extremely halophilic archaea isolated from hypersaline environments of the Algerian Sahara. Microbiological Research, 186, 119-131.

Rodriguez-Valera, F., Ruiz-Berraquero, F., & Ramos-Cormenzana, A. (1980). Isolation of extremely halophilic bacteria able to grow in defined inorganic media with single carbon sources. Microbiology, 119(2), 535-538.

Sahli, K., Gomri, M. A., Esclapez, J., Gómez‐Villegas, P., Ghennai, O., Bonete, M. J., & Kharroub, K. (2020). Bioprospecting and characterization of pigmented halophilic archaeal strains from Algerian hypersaline environments with analysis of carotenoids produced by Halorubrum sp. BS2. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 60(7), 624-638.

Salgaonkar, B. B., & Rodrigues, R. (2019). A Study on the Halophilic Archaeal diversity from the food grade iodised crystal salt from a saltern of India. Microbiology, 88(6), 709-719.

Savage, K. N., Krumholz, L. R., & Oren, A., & Elshahed, M. S. (2007). Haladaptatus paucihalophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a low-salt, sulfide-rich spring. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 57(1), 19-24.

Schneegurt, M. A. (2012). Media and conditions for the growth of halophilic and halotolerant bacteria and archaea. In Advances in understanding the biology of halophilic microorganisms (pp. 35-58). Springer, Dordrecht.

Singh, A., & Singh, A. K. (2018). Isolation, characterization and exploring biotechnological potential of halophilic archaea from salterns of western India. 3 Biotech, 8(1), 1-15.

Stan-Lotter, H., Pfaffenhuemer, M., Legat, A., Busse, H. J., Radax, C., & Gruber, C. (2002). Halococcus dombrowskii sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a Permian alpine salt deposit. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 52(5), 1807-1814.

Tomlinson, G. A., & Hochstein, L. I. (1972). Isolation of carbohydrate-metabolizing, extremely halophilic bacteria. Canadian journal of microbiology, 18(5), 698-701.

Tortora, G, Case, C, & Funke, B (2017). Microbiologia. Artmed.

Vidal, V. A., Biachi, J. P., Paglarini, C. S., Pinton, M. B., Campagnol, P. C., Esmerino, E. A., & Pollonio, M. A. (2019). Reducing 50% sodium chloride in healthier jerked beef: An efficient design to ensure suitable stability, technological and sensory properties. Meat Science, 152, 49-57.

Vidyasagar, M., Prakash, S., Jayalakshmi, S. K., & Sreeramulu, K. (2007). Optimization of culture conditions for the production of halothermophilic protease from halophilic bacterium Chromohalobacter sp. TVSP101. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23(5), 655-662.

Williams, S. T. (1989). Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Williams & Wilkins.

Woese, C. R., Kandler, O., & Wheelis, M. L. (1990). Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 87(12), 4576-4579.

Xu, Q., Cui, H. L., & Meng, F. (2019). Haloprofundus halophilus sp. nov., isolated from the saline soil of Tarim Basin. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 112(4), 553-559.

Descargas

Publicado

19/02/2022

Cómo citar

CHAGAS JUNIOR, A. F.; GUEDES, E. H. S. .; SOARES, C. M. da S. .; CUNHA, M. G. . .; SANTOS, A. L. dos .; AGUIAR, A. O. .; MARTINS, A. L. L. . Aislamiento y caracterización de cepas halófilas de charque. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 3, p. e21511326368, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26368. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/26368. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas