Evidencia científica sobre la presencia de trastornos mentales derivados de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en personas con COVID-19: scoping review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.26562Palabras clave:
SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; Desordenes mentales; Psicopatología.Resumen
Objetivos: Identificar evidencia científica sobre la presencia de trastornos mentales por infección por SARS-CoV-2 en personas diagnosticadas con COVID-19; identificar los tipos de trastornos mentales; describir la asociación fisiopatológica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 con trastornos mentales; y describir las características de edad y sexo. Esta es una Scoping Review realizada en las bases de datos: MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, BVS, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Embase, LILACS. Y en los siguientes sitios: Google Scholar, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses y Grey Literature. Se utilizaron los descriptores (comorbilidad O secuela O complicaciones) Y (Salud mental O Trastornos mentales O Enfermedad mental) Y (SARS-CoV-2 O COVID-19 O coronavirus). Los criterios de inclusión fueron: artículos que respondieran a la pregunta orientadora, disponibles en su totalidad, con diferentes enfoques metodológicos, en línea, en inglés, español y portugués. Se excluyeron: artículos sin libre acceso; cartas de opinión al editor; editoriales; y libros Fueron seleccionados diez estudios, que señalaron la alta prevalencia de ocurrencia de trastornos mentales en pacientes diagnosticados con COVID-19, su etiología es multifactorial, siendo atribuida al daño del proceso infeccioso y a los estresores, resultantes de la pandemia. Los trastornos encontrados fueron: trastornos de estrés; de humor; psicóticos; obsesivo compulsivo; de ansiedad y sueño-vigilia. Los de mayor prevalencia de afectación fueron la ansiedad y la depresión. No hubo diferencia significativa en cuanto a la prevalencia por sexo. La edad media de los participantes fue de 46,1 años. Por ello, es necesario conocer las posibles secuelas del COVID-19, para poder apoyar integralmente a esta población.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Izabelly Carollynny Maciel Nunes; Verônica de Medeiros Alves; Anyele Albuquerque Lima; Alda Graciele Claudio dos Santos Almeida; Ana Paula Nogueira de Magalhães
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