Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y factores de confusión en la dermatitis atópica grave: revisión de alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i3.26926Palabras clave:
Dermatitis atópica; Enfermedades Cardiovasculares; inflamasomas; Inflamación; Accidente Cerebrovascular; Aterosclerosis; Síndrome metabólico; Infarto de miocardio.Resumen
El interés en la dermatitis atópica (DA), enfermedad inflamatoria crónica y recurrente, como un factor de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) ha ido en aumento últimamente, aunque existen pocos estudios disponibles al respecto y los resultados son controvertidos. El propósito de esta revisión fue comprender si los mecanismos inflamatorios en la DA grave la convierten en un factor de riesgo para las ECV. Después del desarrollo de un protocolo de estudio, se llevó a cabo una revisión de alcance basada en la estructura delineada por Arksey y O'Malley, Levac et al., el Instituto Joanna Briggs y las guías PRISMA-ScR. PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Scopus y SciELO fueron las bases de datos seleccionadas.Resultados: Cincuenta y dos estudios se incluyeron en esta revisión (18 estudios de revisión, 16 estudios transversales, 15 estudios de cohortes y tres metanálisis). Encontramos que 36 estudios asocian la DA con la ECV, mientras que 16 estudios no encontraron relación entre la DA y la ECV. Conclusiones: Es posible que el riesgo cardiovascular en la enfermedad atópica moderada a grave se encuentre en factores de confusión, y no necesariamente porque la DA y las ECV comparten la misma vía inflamatoria sistémica crónica. No hay pruebas sólidas de que la DA sea un factor de riesgo de ECV. Para reducir el riesgo de ECV en pacientes con DA debemos prestar atención a los factores de riesgo comúnmente presentes en estos pacientes y recomendar encarecidamente un estilo de vida saludable.
Citas
Agón-Banzo, P. J., Sanmartin, R., García-Malinis, A. J., Hernández-Martín, Á., Puzo, J., Doste, D., Pardos, C., & Gilaberte, Y. (2020). Body mass index and serum lipid profile: Association with atopic dermatitis in a paediatric population. Australasian Journal of Dermatology, 61(1), e60–e64. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.13154
Ahlehoff, O., Gislason, G. H., Charlot, M., Jørgensen, C. H., Lindhardsen, J., Olesen, J. B., Abildstrøm, S. Z., Skov, L., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Hansen, P. R. (2011). Psoriasis is associated with clinically significant cardiovascular risk: A Danish nationwide cohort study. Journal of Internal Medicine, 270(2), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02310.x
Ali, Z., Ulrik, C. S., Agner, T., & Thomsen, S. F. (2018). Association between Atopic Dermatitis and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review. Dermatology, 234(3–4), 79–85. https://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000491593
Andersen, Y. M. F., Egeberg, A., Gislason, G. H., Hansen, P. R., Skov, L., & Thyssen, J. P. (2016). Risk of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and cardiovascular death in patients with atopic dermatitis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 138(1), 310-312.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.01.015
Andersen, Y. M. F., Egeberg, A., Skov, L., & Thyssen, J. P. (2017). Comorbidities of Atopic Dermatitis: Beyond Rhinitis and Asthma. Curr Dermatol Rep, 6(1), 35–41. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13671-017-0168-7
Arksey, H., & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory and Practice, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
Armstrong, E. J., Harskamp, C. T., & Armstrong, A. W. (2013). Psoriasis and major adverse cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Journal of the American Heart Association, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.113.000062
Ascott, A., Mulick, A., Yu, A. M., Prieto-Merino, D., Schmidt, M., Abuabara, K., Smeeth, L., Roberts, A., & Langan, S. M. (2019). Atopic eczema and major cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 143(5), 1821–1829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.030
Brunner, P. M., Silverberg, J. I., Guttman-Yassky, E., Paller, A. S., Kabashima, K., Amagai, M., Luger, T. A., Deleuran, M., Werfel, T., Eyerich, K., Stingl, G., Bagot, M., Hijnen, D. J., Ardern-Jones, M., Reynolds, N., Spuls, P., & Taieb, A. (2017). Increasing Comorbidities Suggest that Atopic Dermatitis Is a Systemic Disorder. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 137(1), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.022
Brunner, P. M., Suárez-Fariñas, M., He, H., Malik, K., Wen, H.-C., Gonzalez, J., Chan, T. C.-C., Estrada, Y., Zheng, X., Khattri, S., Dattola, A., Krueger, J. G., & Guttman-Yassky, E. (2017). The atopic dermatitis blood signature is characterized by increases in inflammatory and cardiovascular risk proteins. Sci Rep, 7(1), 8707. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09207-z
Castellon, X., & Bogdanova, V. (2016). Chronic inflammatory diseases and endothelial dysfunction. Aging and Disease, 7(1), 81–89. https://doi.org/10.14336/AD.2015.0803
Cribier, B. (2019). Comorbidités de la dermatite atopique: Comorbidities of atopic dermatitis. Ann Dermatol Venereol, 146(12S3), 12S67-12S75. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0151-9638(20)30016-8
Cuende, J. I., Pérez de Diego, I. J., & Godoy, D. (2016). Enfermedades cardiovasculares y enfermedades inflamatorias sistémicas. Clinica e Investigacion En Arteriosclerosis, 28(2), 94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arteri.2015.07.001
Drucker, A. M., & Flohr, C. (2018). Atopic dermatitis and cardiovascular disease: have we seen enough to refute a causal link? British Journal of Dermatology, 178(6), 1235–1236. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16597
Drucker A.M., F. C. (2018). Revisiting atopic dermatitis and cardiovascular disease. British Journal of Dermatology, 179(3), 801–802.
Drucker, A M, Li, W.-Q., Cho, E., Li, T., Sun, Q., Camargo, C. A., & Qureshi, A. A. (2016). Atopic dermatitis is not independently associated with nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke among US women. Allergy, 71(10), 1496–1500. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.12957
Drucker, A M, Qureshi, A. A., Dummer, T. J. B., Parker, L., & Li, W.-Q. (2017). Atopic dermatitis and risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction and stroke in a cross-sectional analysis from the Canadian Partnership for Tomorrow Project. Br J Dermatol, 177(4), 1043–1051. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.15727
Drucker, Aaron M., & Harvey, P. J. (2019). Atopic dermatitis and cardiovascular disease: What are the clinical implications? Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 143(5), 1736–1738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2019.01.008
Drucker, Aaron M., Wang, A. R., Li, W. Q., Sevetson, E., Block, J. K., & Qureshi, A. A. (2017). The Burden of Atopic Dermatitis: Summary of a Report for the National Eczema Association. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 137(1), 26–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.012
Egeberg, A., Andersen, Y. M. F., Gislason, G. H., Skov, L., & Thyssen, J. P. (2017). Prevalence of comorbidity and associated risk factors in adults with atopic dermatitis. Allergy, 72(5), 783–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13085
Ferrucci, L., & Fabbri, E. (2018). Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 15(9), 505–522. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-018-0064-2
Franceschi, C., Bonafè, M., Valensin, S., Olivieri, F., De Luca, M., Ottaviani, E., & De Benedictis, G. (2006). Inflamm-aging: An Evolutionary Perspective on Immunosenescence. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 908(1), 244–254. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06651.x
Fujiyoshi, A. (2019). Eczema and risk of cardiovascular disease: Heightened awareness needed. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 26(9), 760–761. https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.ED109
Furue, M., Chiba, T., Tsuji, G., Ulzii, D., Kido-Nakahara, M., Nakahara, T., & Kadono, T. (2017). Atopic dermatitis: immune deviation, barrier dysfunction, IgE autoreactivity and new therapies. Allergology International, 66(3), 398–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alit.2016.12.002
Furue, M., & Kadono, T. (2017). “Inflammatory skin march” in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Inflammation Research, 66(10), 833–842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00011-017-1065-z
Hale, G., Davies, E., Grindlay, D. J. C., Rogers, N. K., & Harman, K. E. (2019). What's new in atopic eczema? An analysis of systematic reviews published in 2017. Part 2: epidemiology, aetiology and risk factors. Clin Exp Dermatol, 44(8), 868–873. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ced.14075
He, H., Li, R., Choi, S., Zhou, L., Pavel, A., Estrada, Y. D., Krueger, J. G., & Guttman-Yassky, E. (2020). Increased cardiovascular and atherosclerosis markers in blood of older patients with atopic dermatitis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 124(1), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2019.10.013
Hermans, M. P., & Fruchart, J. C. (2010). Reducing residual vascular risk in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia: Where do we go from here? Clinical Lipidology, 5(6), 811–826. https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.10.65
Hjuler, K. F., Böttcher, M., Vestergaard, C., Deleuran, M., Raaby, L., Bøtker, H. E., Iversen, L., & Kragballe, K. (2015). Increased prevalence of coronary artery disease in severe psoriasis and severe atopic dermatitis. American Journal of Medicine, 128(12), 1325-1334.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.05.041
Hong, C., Sussman, G., Turchin, I., Wiseman, M., & Gooderham, M. J. (2018). Approach to the Assessment and Management of Adult Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: A Consensus Document. Section III: Evaluation of Atopic Dermatitis Patients for Comorbidities. Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery, 22(1_suppl), 17S-20S. https://doi.org/10.1177/1203475418805709
Hu, Y., Zhu, Y., Lian, N., Chen, M., Bartke, A., & Yuan, R. (2019). Metabolic Syndrome and Skin Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne), 10, 788. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2019.00788
Ingram, J. R. (2018). Atopic eczema and cardiovascular disease. BMJ (Online), 361(May), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k2064
Ivert, L. U., Johansson, E. K., Dal, H., Lindelöf, B., Wahlgren, C. F., & Bradley, M. (2019). Association between atopic dermatitis and cardiovascular disease: A nationwide register-based case-control study from Sweden. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 99(10), 865–870. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-3235
Jachiet, M., Nosbaum, A., Staumont-Sallé, D., Seneschal, J., Viguier, M., Soria, A., Barbaud, A., Carriou, A. C., Chuffart-Delplanque, M., Darrigade, A. S., Fite, C., de Masson, A., Bagot, M., Chevret, S., & Bouaziz, J. D. (2019). Low cardiovascular risk and poor quality of life associated with tobacco use and skin infections in adult atopic dermatitis: result of a French multicenter study. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 33(12), e451–e453. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15774
Kahlenberg, J. M., & Kaplan, M. J. (2013). Mechanisms of Premature Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lupus. Annual Review of Medicine, 64(1), 249–263. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-060911-090007
Kantor, R., Kim, A., Thyssen, J. P., & Silverberg, J. I. (2016). Association of atopic dermatitis with smoking: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 75(6), 1119-1125.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2016.07.017
Kerkhof, P. L. M., & Khamaganova, I. (2018). Sex-specific cardiovascular comorbidities with associations in dermatologic and rheumatic disorders. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1065, 489–509. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_30
Kok, W., Yew, Y., & Thng, T. (2019). Comorbidities Associated with Severity of Atopic Dermatitis in Young Adult Males: A National Cohort Study. Acta Dermato Venereologica, 99(7), 652–656. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-3175
Kwa, M. C., & Silverberg, J. I. (2017). Association Between Inflammatory Skin Disease and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Co-Morbidities in US Adults: Analysis of Nationwide Inpatient Sample Data. Am J Clin Dermatol, 18(6), 813–823. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40257-017-0293-x
Lee, J. H., Jung, H. M., Han, K. Do, Lee, S. H., Lee, J. Y., Park, Y. G., & Min Park, Y. (2017). Association between metabolic syndrome and atopic dermatitis in Korean adults. Acta Dermato-Venereologica, 97(1), 77–80. https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-2441
Levac, D., Colquhoun, H., & O’Brien, K. K. (2010). Scoping studies: Advancing the methodology. Implementation Science, 5(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-5-69
Li, X., Deroide, N., & Mallat, Z. (2014). The role of the inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases. Journal of Molecular Medicine, 92(4), 307–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00109-014-1144-3
Lindhardsen, J., Ahlehoff, O., Gislason, G. H., Madsen, O. R., Olesen, J. B., Torp-Pedersen, C., & Hansen, P. R. (2011). The risk of myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes mellitus: A Danish nationwide cohort study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70(6), 929–934. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2010.143396
Lindhardsen, J., Kristensen, S. L., & Ahlehoff, O. (2016). Management of Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 16(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40256-015-0141-4
Manzi, S., & Wasko, M. C. M. (2000). Inflammation-mediated rheumatic diseases and atherosclerosis Inflammation-mediated rheumatic diseases and atherosclerosis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, February 2009, 321–325. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.59.5.321
Marshall, V. D., Moustafa, F., Hawkins, S. D., Balkrishnan, R., & Feldman, S. R. (2016). Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes Associated with Three Major Inflammatory Dermatologic Diseases: A Propensity-Matched Case Control Study. Dermatology and Therapy, 6(4), 649–658. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-016-0144-3
Nijsten, T. (2017). Atopic Dermatitis and Comorbidities: Added Value of Comprehensive Dermatoepidemiology. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 137(5), 1009–1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.003
Nishida, Y., Kubota, Y., Iso, H., & Tamakoshi, A. (2019). Self-Reported Eczema in Relation with Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease in Japanese: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 26(9), 775–782. https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.46383
Oliveira, C., & Torres, T. (2019). More than skin deep: the systemic nature of atopic dermatitis. European Journal of Dermatology, 29(3), 250–258. https://doi.org/10.1684/ejd.2019.3557
Palazon-Riquelme, P., & Lopez-Castejon, G. (2018). The inflammasomes, immune guardians at defence barriers. Immunology, 155(3), 320–330. https://doi.org/10.1111/imm.12989
Paller, A., Jaworski, J. C., Simpson, E. L., Boguniewicz, M., Russell, J. J., Block, J. K., Tofte, S., Dunn, J. D., Feldman, S. R., Clark, A. R., Schwartz, G., & Eichenfield, L. F. (2018). Major Comorbidities of Atopic Dermatitis: Beyond Allergic Disorders. Am J Clin Dermatol, 19(6), 821–838. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40257-018-0383-4
Peters, M., Godfrey, C., McInerney, P., Z, M., AC, T., & Khalil, H. (2020). Chapter 11 – JBI Manual. In JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (p. 46658).
Radtke, M. A., Schäfer, I., Glaeske, G., Jacobi, A., & Augustin, M. (2017). Prevalence and comorbidities in adults with psoriasis compared to atopic eczema. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 31(1), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.13813
Riis, J. L., Vestergaard, C., Hjuler, K. F., Iversen, L., Jakobsen, L., Deleuran, M. S., & Olsen, M. (2016). Hospital-diagnosed atopic dermatitis and long-term risk of myocardial infarction: a population-based follow-up study. BMJ Open, 6(11), e011870–e011870. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011870
Roth, G. A., Huffman, M. D., Moran, A. E., Feigin, V., Mensah, G. A., Naghavi, M., & Murray, C. J. L. (2015). Global and regional patterns in cardiovascular mortality from 1990 to 2013. Circulation, 132(17), 1667–1678. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008720
Schmitt, J., Maywald, U., Schmitt, N. M., Meurer, M., & Kirch, W. (2008). Cardiovascular comorbidity and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic inflammatory skin diseases: A case-control study utilising a population-based administrative database. Italian Journal of Public Health, 5(3), 187–193. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-67650160423&partnerID=40&md5=3f6aee1b1f10619dfbad06a5457175bf
Sehra, S., Barbé Tuana, F. M., Holbreich, M., Mousdicas, N., Kaplan, M. H., & Travers, J. B. (2008). Clinical correlations of recent developments in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia, 83(1), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-05962008000100009
Shalom, G., Dreiher, J., Kridin, K., Horev, A., Khoury, R., Battat, E., Freud, T., Comaneshter, D., & Cohen, A. D. (2019). Atopic dermatitis and the metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study of 116 816 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 33(9), 1762–1767. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15642
Sicras-Mainar, A., Navarro-Artieda, R., & Carrascosa Carrillo, J. M. (2018). Impacto económico de la dermatitis atópica en adultos: estudio de base poblacional (estudio IDEA). Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas, 109(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2017.09.003
Silverberg, J I. (2015). Association between adult atopic dermatitis, cardiovascular disease, and increased heart attacks in three population-based studies. Allergy, 70(10), 1300–1308. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/all.12685
Silverberg, Jonathan I., Becker, L., Kwasny, M., Menter, A., Cordoro, K. M., & Paller, A. S. (2015). Central obesity and high blood pressure in pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis. JAMA Dermatology, 151(2), 144–152. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2014.3059
Silverberg, Jonathan I., & Greenland, P. (2015). Eczema and cardiovascular risk factors in 2 US adult population studies. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 135(3), 721-728.e6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.023
Silverberg, Jonathan I. (2018). Associations between atopic dermatitis and other disorders. F1000Research, 7, 303. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12975.1
Silverberg, Jonathan I. (2019). Comorbidities and the impact of atopic dermatitis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 123(2), 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2019.04.020
Silverberg, Jonathan I, Gelfand, J. M., Margolis, D. J., Boguniewicz, M., Fonacier, L., Grayson, M. H., Simpson, E. L., Ong, P. Y., & Chiesa Fuxench, Z. C. (2018). Association of atopic dermatitis with allergic, autoimmune, and cardiovascular comorbidities in US adults. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 121(5), 604-612.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2018.07.042
Silverwood, R. J., Forbes, H. J., Abuabara, K., Ascott, A., Schmidt, M., Schmidt, S. A. J., Smeeth, L., & Langan, S. M. (2018). Severe and predominantly active atopic eczema in adulthood and long term risk of cardiovascular disease: population based cohort study. BMJ, 361, k1786. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.k1786
Standl, M., Tesch, F., Baurecht, H., Rodríguez, E., Müller-Nurasyid, M., Gieger, C., Peters, A., Wang-Sattler, R., Prehn, C., Adamski, J., Kronenberg, F., Schulz, H., Koletzko, S., Schikowski, T., von Berg, A., Lehmann, I., Berdel, D., Heinrich, J., Schmitt, J., & Weidinger, S. (2017). Association of Atopic Dermatitis with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseases. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 137(5), 1074–1081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2016.11.031
Steele, C. E., Morrell, D., & Evans, M. (2019). Metabolic syndrome and inflammatory skin conditions. Curr Opin Pediatr, 31(4), 515–522. https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000790
Su, V. Y. F., Chen, T. J., Yeh, C. M., Chou, K. T., Hung, M. H., Chu, S. Y., Su, K. C., Chang, Y. S., Lin, Y. H., & Liu, C. J. (2014). Atopic dermatitis and risk of ischemic stroke: A nationwide population-based study. Annals of Medicine, 46(2), 84–89. https://doi.org/10.3109/07853890.2013.870018
Sung, Y.-F., Lin, C.-C., Yin, J.-H., Chou, C.-H., Chung, C.-H., Yang, F.-C., Tsai, C.-K., Tsai, C.-L., Lin, G.-Y., Lin, Y.-K., Chien, W.-C., & Lee, J.-T. (2017). Increased risk of stroke in patients with atopic dermatitis: A population-based, longitudinal study in Taiwan. Journal of Medical Sciences, 37(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.4103/1011-4564.200737
Szolnoky, G., Altmayer, A., Varga, J., Gavallér, H., Kemény, L., Forster, T., & Nemes, A. (2018). Adult Atopic Dermatitis is Associated with Increased Aortic Stiffness...Kwa MC, Silverberg JI. Association between inflammatory skin disease and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular co-morbidities in US adults: analysis of nationwide inpatient sample data. . American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 19(1), 135–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-018-0344-y
Thomas, H., Diamond, J., Vieco, A., Chaudhuri, S., Shinnar, E., Cromer, S., Perel, P., Mensah, G. A., Narula, J., Johnson, C. O., Roth, G. A., & Moran, A. E. (2018). Global Atlas of Cardiovascular Disease 2000-2016: The Path to Prevention and Control. Global Heart, 13(3), 143–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2018.09.511
Thyssen, J P, Halling-Overgaard, A.-S., Andersen, Y. M. F., Gislason, G., Skov, L., & Egeberg, A. (2018). The association with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adults with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol, 178(6), 1272–1279. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16215
Thyssen, Jacob P, Skov, L., & Egeberg, A. (2018). Cause-specific mortality in adults with atopic dermatitis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 78(3), 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2017.10.032
Treudler, R., Zeynalova, S., Walther, F., Engel, C., & Simon, J. C. (2018). Atopic dermatitis is associated with autoimmune but not with cardiovascular comorbidities in a random sample of the general population in Leipzig, Germany. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 32(2), e44–e46. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdv.14495
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O’Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., Hempel, S., Akl, E. A., Chang, C., McGowan, J., Stewart, L., Hartling, L., Aldcroft, A., Wilson, M. G., Garritty, C., … Straus, S. E. (2018). PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine, 169(7), 467–473. https://doi.org/10.7326/M18-0850
Varbo, A., Nordestgaard, B. G., & Benn, M. (2017). Filaggrin loss-of-function mutations as risk factors for ischemic stroke in the general population. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 15(4), 624–635. https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.13644
Vestergaard, C. (2019). Atopic dermatitis and metabolic syndrome: lifestyle or systemic inflammation? Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, 33(9), 1629. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15831
Wei, L., MacDonald, T. M., & Walker, B. R. (2004). Taking glucocorticoids by prescription is associated with subsequent cardiovascular disease. Annals of Internal Medicine, 141(10), 764–771. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-10-200411160-00007
Weidinger, S., & Novak, N. (2016). Atopic dermatitis. The Lancet, 387(10023), 1109–1122. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00149-X
Wollina, U. (2018). Atopic dermatitis and the metabolic syndrome. Clinics in Dermatology, 36(1), 62–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2017.09.010
Yuan, M., Cao, W.-F., Xie, X.-F., Zhou, H.-Y., & Wu, X.-M. (2018). Relationship of atopic dermatitis with stroke and myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore), 97(49), e13512–e13512. https://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000013512
Zhang, A., & Silverberg, J. I. (2015). Association of atopic dermatitis with being overweight and obese: A systematic review and metaanalysis. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 72(4), 606-616.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2014.12.013
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Fabiola Welter Ribeiro; Emilton Lima Junior
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista concuerdan con los siguientes términos:
1) Los autores mantienen los derechos de autor y conceden a la revista el derecho de primera publicación, con el trabajo simultáneamente licenciado bajo la Licencia Creative Commons Attribution que permite el compartir el trabajo con reconocimiento de la autoría y publicación inicial en esta revista.
2) Los autores tienen autorización para asumir contratos adicionales por separado, para distribución no exclusiva de la versión del trabajo publicada en esta revista (por ejemplo, publicar en repositorio institucional o como capítulo de libro), con reconocimiento de autoría y publicación inicial en esta revista.
3) Los autores tienen permiso y son estimulados a publicar y distribuir su trabajo en línea (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su página personal) a cualquier punto antes o durante el proceso editorial, ya que esto puede generar cambios productivos, así como aumentar el impacto y la cita del trabajo publicado.
