Barreras para el acceso a la rehabilitación física después de un ictus: una revisión integradora

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27224

Palabras clave:

Rehabilitación de accidente cerebrovascular; Acceso efectivo a los servicios de salud; Barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud.

Resumen

El ictus es uno de los principales problemas de salud pública en el mundo. Representa la segunda causa de muerte y actualmente se considera la enfermedad más incapacitante del mundo. Más de la mitad de los pacientes afectados necesitan rehabilitación, cuyo objetivo es minimizar las secuelas y recuperar cierto grado de independencia funcional, aumentando su calidad de vida y reduciendo la carga generada por la enfermedad. El objetivo de esta revisión era conocer el acceso a estos servicios que ofrecen los sistemas sanitarios. La búsqueda se realizó en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, SCOPUS, SciELO, Chocrane y LILACs. Los términos fueron: "Access to physiotherapy", "stroke", "rehabilitation", y sus respectivos términos en portugués presentes en el Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) y en el DeCS (Descriptors in Health Sciences). La búsqueda incluyó artículos publicados en los últimos 10 años, en portugués, inglés y español. De los 353 artículos encontrados, 21 de ellos cumplían los criterios de inclusión para realizar el análisis de datos según las directrices PRISMA. Se observó en esta revisión que aunque los enfoques y la importancia de la rehabilitación física en los pacientes con accidentes cerebrovasculares ya están bien discutidos, el acceso sigue siendo difícil, con varias barreras como: personal insuficiente, falta de estructura, burocracia, dificultad de locomoción y falta de comprensión de los servicios. Sin embargo, el sistema actual de organización de la atención puede mejorarse, utilizando nuevos conceptos de estructura y proceso de atención, creando una comunicación más eficaz entre el sistema sanitario, los pacientes y los cuidadores.

Biografía del autor/a

Ariane Ribas Toneti dos Santos, Faculdade Unisociesc

Professora Mestra da Faculdade Unisociesc.

Fabiane Maria Klitzke dos Santos, Pró-Rim Instituto de Educação e Pesquisa em Saúde

Professora Mestre da Pró-Rim Instituto de Educação e Pesquisa em Saúde.

Fernando Luís Fischer Eichinger, Universidade da Região de Joinville

Professor Mestre da Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE.

Helbert do Nascimento Lima, Universidade da Região de Joinville

Professor Doutor do Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente da Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE.

Antonio Vinicius Soares, Universidade da Região de Joinville

Professor Doutor do Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Meio Ambiente da Universidade da Região de Joinville - UNIVILLE, Santa Catarina, Brasil.

Citas

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Publicado

27/03/2022

Cómo citar

SANTOS, A. R. T. dos .; SANTOS, F. M. K. dos .; EICHINGER, F. L. F. .; LIMA, H. do N. .; SOARES, A. V. Barreras para el acceso a la rehabilitación física después de un ictus: una revisión integradora . Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 4, p. e4911427224, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27224. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/27224. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

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