Caracterização, retenção e disponibilidade de água de diferentes tipos de biocarvão de origem animal e vegetal

Joseilma Araújo Santos; Maria Isidória Silva Gonzaga; André Quintão de  Almeida; Airon José da Silva; José Carlos de Jesus  Santos; Idamar da Silva Lima

doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28360

Autores/as

Joseilma Araújo Santos Instituto Federal de Sergipe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9186-029X
Maria Isidória Silva Gonzaga Universidade Federal de Sergipe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6386
André Quintão de Almeida Universidade Federal de Sergipe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1762
Airon José da Silva Universidade Federal de Sergipe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3895-8041
José Carlos de Jesus Santos Universidade Federal de Sergipe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-1762
Idamar da Silva Lima Universidade Federal de Sergipe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8954-720X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i5.28360

Palabras clave:

Recursos hídricos; Residuo orgánico; Pirólisis; Carbón; Cambios climáticos.

Resumen

El aumento de la producción de alimentos para satisfacer la demanda mundial ha generado un gran volumen de residuos orgánicos. Cuando se reinsertan en la cadena productiva, estos residuos pueden brindar varios servicios ambientales, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la calidad y cantidad de los recursos hídricos. El biocarbón tiene un gran potencial como enmienda del suelo, fuente de nutrientes y acondicionador, lo que aumenta la retención de agua. Este estudio produjo y caracterizó biocarbón a partir de seis tipos de biomasa (bagazo de caña de azúcar-SBB, cascarilla de coco seca-DCB, cascarilla de coco verde-GCB, lodo de depuradora-SSB, mazorca de maíz-CCB y bagazo de naranja-OBB. El objetivo principal fue evaluar la retención de agua del biocarbón El biocarbón se produjo mediante pirólisis lenta a una temperatura de 550ºC, molido y tamizado para determinar porosidad, área superficial específica, conductividad eléctrica, pH, capacidad de intercambio catiónico, morfología, análisis estructural, inmediato y elemental, distribución del tamaño de partículas, capacidad de retención de agua (WRC), curva de retención y agua disponible (AW). Todos los biochars mostraron una gran variabilidad en sus características. WRC varió de 88% a 628% de la siguiente manera: SSB < OBB < GCB < CCB = DCB < SBB. AW osciló entre 10 % y 140 % donde SBB > DCB > CCB = GCB > OBB > SSB. Por lo tanto, SBB tuvo la mayor retención de agua, siendo SSB el menos eficiente.

Citas

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Caracterización, retención y disponibilidad de agua de diferentes tipos de biocarbón animal y vegetal

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