SGLT-2i para la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30528Palabras clave:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2; Enfermedades Cardiovasculares; Enseñanza em Salud; Prevención de Enfermedades; Inhibidores del Cotransportador de Sodio-Glucosa 2.Resumen
Objetivo: Abordar el uso de SGLT-2i para la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Materiales y Métodos: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica descriptiva e integradora. Las búsquedas literarias se realizaron a partir de artículos indexados en SciELO, PubMed y MEDLINE, este último vía BVS, en inglés entre 2017 y 2022 (últimos 5 años). Para realizar las búsquedas se consideraron términos en DeSC y MeSH en asociación con operadores booleanos: (Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2) AND (Cardiovascular Diseases) AND (Prevention) AND (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors). Resultados: En general, los análisis del estudio revelaron beneficios en una variedad de resultados cardiovasculares. SGLT-2i redujo MACE, el compuesto de (muerte cardiovascular e ICH), infarto de miocardio no fatal, ICH o HF, muerte cardiovascular, muerte por cualquier causa, pero sin eficacia en eventos cerebrovasculares. Analizando los resultados cardiovasculares se encontró protección en eventos renales, con disminución en la progresión de albuminuria, insuficiencia renal y compuestos renales. Revisando los subgrupos de pacientes, SGLT-2i disminuyó varios eventos cardiovasculares, principalmente en individuos con IC, ECV, función renal reducida y ERC, notándose en estos últimos mejorías en los eventos renales. Se realizaron comparaciones de SGLT-2i frente a otros agentes antidiabéticos, en las que se observaron menores riesgos en diferentes eventos cardiovasculares y renales con SGLT-2i. Conclusión: De hecho, la prevención en varios resultados cardiovasculares se demostró con SGLT-2i en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Citas
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