Síntomas de intoxicación y condiciones de salud de agricultores familiares asociados al uso de pesticidas: un estudio realizado en la Zona da Mata Mineira, Brasil

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30923

Palabras clave:

Agroquímicos; Producción de alimentos; Salud ocupacional; Contaminación humana; Colinesterasa.

Resumen

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la asociación entre el uso de pesticidas, los síntomas de intoxicación y las condiciones de salud de los agricultores familiares en el área de Mata Mineira, Brasil. Se trata de un estudio transversal con 48 agricultores familiares de un municipio de la Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais. Se aplicó el cuestionario semiestructurado para obtener información demográfica, socioeconómica y caracterización del uso de plaguicidas. Se recolectaron muestras de sangre de los agricultores para pruebas bioquímicas y evaluación de marcadores de exposición a pesticidas. Se encontró que el 75% de los agricultores utiliza pesticidas en la producción de alimentos, siendo la mayoría de estos productos extremadamente tóxicos. Estos agricultores mostraron cambios en la colinesterasa plasmática, la colinesterasa eritrocitaria y la butirilcolinesterasa, marcadores de exposición a plaguicidas. Hubo asociación entre aspersiones por más de 4 horas/día y reporte de síntomas agudos de intoxicación, así como entre el uso de pesticidas y la presencia de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. El análisis multivariada indicó que el incumplimiento del período de reingreso a los cultivos después del uso de plaguicidas se mantuvo como variable explicativa de la enfermedad pulmonar. Inferimos que los síntomas agudos, así como las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles reportadas por los agricultores familiares pueden estar asociados al uso de plaguicidas.

Citas

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Publicado

19/06/2022

Cómo citar

MIGUEL, E. da S. .; CARMO, D. L. do .; LOPES, S. O. .; SANTOS, R. H. S. .; FRANCESCHINI, S. do C. C. .; CASTRO, L. C. V. .; COSTA, G. D. da .; PRIORE, S. E. . Síntomas de intoxicación y condiciones de salud de agricultores familiares asociados al uso de pesticidas: un estudio realizado en la Zona da Mata Mineira, Brasil. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 8, p. e31011830923, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i8.30923. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/30923. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2024.

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Sección

Ciencias de la salud