El efecto potencial del resveratrol en el tratamiento de la endometriosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i8.31262Palabras clave:
Endometriosis; Resveratrol; Polifenoles; Endometrio; Compuestos fenólicos; Enfermedades ginecológicas.Resumen
La endometriosis es un trastorno ginecológico caracterizado por la presencia de tejido endometrial fuera de la cavidad uterina relacionado con la predisposición genética, la dependencia de los estrógenos, la resistencia a la progesterona y la inflamación. La teoría de la menstruación retrógrada, formulada por Sampson, es la etiología científicamente más aceptable debido a los mecanismos similares que se producen en las mujeres sanas. Sin embargo, se han planteado otras teorías con diferentes focos fisiopatológicos. La patogénesis de la enfermedad contribuye a un desequilibrio inmunológico, que culmina en un aumento de la expresión de mediadores inflamatorios y angiogénicos y en cambios en varias vías metabólicas. El resveratrol es un polifenol que ha sido ampliamente estudiado por sus beneficios en el control de los mediadores inflamatorios. En esta revisión, resumimos los hallazgos más recientes que relacionan los efectos del resveratrol y las posibles mejoras en la sintomatología de la enfermedad objetivo. Los estudios experimentales e in vitro han demostrado resultados beneficiosos cuando se evalúan en modelos endometriósicos. Sin embargo, no se obtuvieron los mismos resultados en humanos, especialmente al evaluar los umbrales de dolor antes y después de la suplementación con resveratrol. En conclusión, los resultados para la práctica clínica aún no son concluyentes.
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