Una visión general de los estudios sobre feromonas sexuales de insectos vectores de tripanosomátidos patógenos de importancia médica y veterinária
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.32864Palabras clave:
Insectos vectores; Feromonas sexuales; Estrategias de control.Resumen
Los insectos vectores de las leishmaniasis, la enfermedad de Chagas y la tripanosomiasis africana continúan siendo un problema de salud humana, veterinario y económico a nivel mundial. En estos vectores se han identificado varias moléculas de feromonas sexuales que contribuyen al comportamiento de apareamiento. Estas señales químicas son alternativas potenciales a los insecticidas químicos tradicionales. Esta revisión discute la diversidad de moléculas de feromonas sexuales y su papel en el comportamiento de apareamiento de insectos vectores de Leishmaniasis, enfermedad de Chagas y tripanosomiasis africana. La selección de los estudios se hizo con base en artículos de investigación y revisión que presentaban aspectos de las feromonas sexuales respecto a los insectos vectores. En algunas especies, estas moléculas tienen una doble función como feromona sexual y de agregación. También destacamos el conocimiento actual de estas sustancias como herramientas potenciales para el control de vectores. Los estudios revelaron que la aplicabilidad de las feromonas sexuales es en gran medida experimental y restringida a algunos vectores. Con base en estas limitaciones, incluimos tablas actualizadas con la identidad química de varios compuestos de feromonas sexuales y otra información relevante sobre las especies objetivo, que pueden contribuir a futuros estudios de metodologías de control.
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