Avances y desafíos recientes en nanoestructuras a base de quitosano preparadas por complejación polielectrolítica y gelatinización iónica para la estabilización de antocianinas

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i10.33092

Palabras clave:

Encapsulación; Nanopartículas biopoliméricas; Nanocomplejos; Biopolímeros.

Resumen

Antocianinas son polifenoles solubles en agua, responsables por la coloración de diversas frutas, flores y verduras. Además de los colorantes naturales, las antocianinas también están relacionadas con la prevención de varias enfermedades crónicas. Sin embargo, las antocianinas son muy sensibles a las variaciones de pH, temperatura, luz, enzimas y otras variables del medio en el que se encuentran, por lo que es necesario emplear artificios y tecnologías para ampliar su aplicación tanto en el sector alimentario como en el farmacéutico. En este contexto, las nanopartículas biopoliméricas pueden ser utilizadas para proteger las antocianinas e incluso potenciar las funciones que les confieren. Entre las técnicas utilizadas, la complejación polielectrolítica (PC) y la gelatinización iónica (IG) ocupan un lugar destacado por su practicidad, rapidez, bajo costo y la posibilidad de utilizar polímeros versátiles, biocompatibles y naturales, como el quitosano. Por lo tanto, calificar y comprender los principales factores que afectan la estabilidad de las nanopartículas a base de quitosano producidas por PC e IG, y conocer las estrategias que se pueden adoptar para superar estos problemas es extremadamente importante. Dado lo anterior, esta revisión tiene como objetivo proporcionar una visión general de las antocianinas y las nanopartículas biopoliméricas con énfasis en las técnicas de PC e IG, señalar los principales desafíos que deben afrontarse al incorporar antocianinas a estas nanopartículas cuando se utiliza quitosano como base polimérica; y dar dirección a quienes pretenden desarrollar nuevos proyectos enfocados en la estabilización de antocianinas.

Citas

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05/08/2022

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FLORES, R. V.; SILVA, R. R. A.; OLIVEIRA, T. V. de; OLIVEIRA, E. B. de; STRINGHETA, P. C.; SOARES, N. de F. F. Avances y desafíos recientes en nanoestructuras a base de quitosano preparadas por complejación polielectrolítica y gelatinización iónica para la estabilización de antocianinas. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 10, p. e401111033092, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i10.33092. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/33092. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2024.

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Vol. 11 Núm. 10

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Ciencias Agrarias y Biológicas

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Derechos de autor 2022 Rafaela Venancio Flores; Rafael Resende Assis Silva; Taila Veloso de Oliveira; Eduardo Basílio de Oliveira; Paulo César Stringheta; Nilda de Fátima Ferreira Soares

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