Impactos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la salud mental de los adultos mayores: una revisión integradora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i11.33255Palabras clave:
COVID-19; Anciano Frágil; Salud del Anciano; Salud mental.Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar la literatura sobre la identificación de los impactos en la salud mental de los adultos mayores en los diferentes aspectos inducidos por la pandemia de COVID-19. Revisión integrativa de la literatura, realizada a través de una estrategia de búsqueda en Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud, Scopus y Web of Science, a través de los descriptores de salud “adultos mayores”, “salud mental” y “COVID-19”. Incluimos 17 estudios publicados a partir de 2020 que abordaron las repercusiones del aislamiento social en la salud mental de las personas mayores. El aislamiento social, efecto de la pandemia de la COVID-19, pudo afectar negativamente la calidad de vida de los ancianos, trayendo consecuencias en las condiciones de salud mental. Los síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad aumentaron durante la pandemia, reflejándose en situaciones de estrés, insomnio, miedo y soledad.
Citas
Abu Kamel, A. K., & Alnazly, E. K. (2021). The impact of confinement on older Jordanian adults' mental distress during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A web‐based cross‐sectional study. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12798
Bezerra, P. C. L., Lima, L. C. R., & Dantas, S. C. (2020). Pandemia da COVID-19 e idosos como população de risco: aspectos para educação em saúde. Cogitare Enfermagem, 25, e73307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v25i0.73307
Bobes-Bascarán, T., Sáiz, P. A., Velasco, A., Martínez-Cao, C., Pedrosa, C., Portilla, A., & Bobes, J. (2020). Early psychological correlates associated with COVID-19 in a Spanish older adult sample. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(12), 1287-1298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.09.005
Botelho, L. L. R., de Almeida Cunha, C. C., & Macedo, M. (2011). O método da revisão integrativa nos estudos organizacionais. Gestão e sociedade, 5(11), 121-136. https://doi.org/10.21171/ges.v5i11.1220
Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The lancet, 395(10227), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
Carlos, A. F., Poloni, T. E., Caridi, M., Pozzolini, M., Vaccaro, R., Rolandi, E., & Guaita, A. (2020). Life during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: the influence of cognitive state on psychosocial, behavioral and lifestyle profiles of older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2020.1870210
Chu, I. Y. H., Alam, P., Larson, H. J., & Lin, L. (2020). Social consequences of mass quarantine during epidemics: a systematic review with implications for the COVID-19 response. Journal of travel medicine, 27(7), taaa192. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa192
Cigiloglu, A., Ozturk, Z. A., & Efendioglu, E. M. (2021). How have older adults reacted to coronavirus disease 2019?. Psychogeriatrics, 21(1), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12639
De Pue, S., Gillebert, C., Dierckx, E., Vanderhasselt, M. A., De Raedt, R., & Van den Bussche, E. (2021). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on wellbeing and cognitive functioning of older adults. Scientific reports, 11(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RE7SM
De Souza, E. C., de Oliveira, A. C., Lima, S. V. M. A., de Melo, G. C., & de Araújo, K. C. G. M. (2021). Impactos do isolamento social na funcionalidade de idosos durante a pandemia da COVID-19: uma revisão integrativa. Research, Society and Development, 10(10), e498101018895.
Gustavsson, J., & Beckman, L. (2020). Compliance to recommendations and mental health consequences among elderly in Sweden during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic—a cross sectional online survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5380. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155380
Herrera, M. S., Elgueta, R., Fernández, M. B., Giacoman, C., Leal, D., Marshall, P., & Bustamante, F. (2021). A longitudinal study monitoring the quality of life in a national cohort of older adults in Chile before and during the COVID-19 outbreak. BMC geriatrics, 21(143), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02110-3
Hozhabri, H., Sparascio, F. P., Sohrabi, H., Mousavifar, L, Roy, E., Scribano, D., & Sarshar, M. (2020). The global emergency of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): an update of the current status and forecasting. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(16), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165648
Kobayashi, L. C., O’Shea, B. Q., Kler, J. S., Nishimura, R., Palavicino-Maggio, C. B., Eastman, M. R., & Finlay, J. M. (2021). Cohort profile: the COVID-19 Coping Study, a longitudinal mixed-methods study of middle-aged and older adults’ mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in the USA. BMJ open, 11(2), e044965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044965
Lana, R. M., Coelho, F. C., Gomes, M. F. D. C., Cruz, O. G., Bastos, L. S., Villela, D. A. M., & Codeço, C. T. (2020). Emergência do novo coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) e o papel de uma vigilância nacional em saúde oportuna e efetiva. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36, e00019620. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00019620
Liang, W., Duan, Y., Shang, B., Hu, C., Baker, J. S., Lin, Z., & Wang, Y. (2021). Precautionary behavior and depression in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: an online cross-sectional study in Hubei, China. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(4), 1853. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041853
Luz, M. P., & Berger, W. (2020). COVID-19 pandemics and mental health: In times like these, we learn to live again. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 69(2), 79-80. https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000273
Meng, L., Hua, F., & Bian, Z. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): emerging and future challenges for dental and oral medicine. Journal of dental research, 99(5), 481-487. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0022034520914246
Ministério da Saúde. (2021). O que é a COVID-19?. Brasil: Autor. https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/coronavirus/o-que-e-o-coronavirus
Moher D., Liberati A., Tetzlaff J., & Altman D. G. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement. PLoS Med, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Müller, F., Röhr, S., Reininghaus, U., & Riedel-Heller, S. G. (2021). Social isolation and loneliness during COVID-19 lockdown: Associations with depressive symptoms in the German old-age population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3615. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073615
Ornell, F., Schuch, J. B., Sordi, A. O., & Kessler, F. H. P. (2020). “Pandemic fear” and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42(3), 232-235. https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008
Peng, X., Xu, X., Li, Y., Cheng, L., Zhou, X., & Ren, B. (2020). Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. International journal of oral science, 12(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0075-9
Fapesp. (2021). O risco das mutações. https://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/o-risco-das-mutacoes/
Raiol, R. A. (2020). Praticar exercícios físicos é fundamental para a saúde física e mental durante a Pandemia da COVID-19. Brazilian Journal of Health Review, 3(2), 2804-2813. https://doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv3n2-124
Reppas‐Rindlisbacher, C., Finlay, J. M., Mahar, A. L., Siddhpuria, S., Hallet, J., Rochon, P. A., & Kobayashi, L. C. (2021). Worries, attitudes, and mental health of older adults during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Canadian and US perspectives. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17105
Robb, C. E., de Jager, C. A., Ahmadi-Abhari, S., Giannakopoulou, P., Udeh-Momoh, C., McKeand, J., & Middleton, L. (2020). Associations of social isolation with anxiety and depression during the early COVID-19 pandemic: a survey of older adults in London, UK. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyt.2020.591120
Rocha, S. V., Dias, C. R. C., Silva, M. C., Lourenço, C. L. M., & dos Santos, C. A. (2020). A pandemia de COVID-19 e a saúde mental de idosos: possibilidades de atividade física por meio dos Exergames. Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde, 25, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.25e0142
Rutherford, B. R., Choi, C. J., Chrisanthopolous, M., Salzman, C., Zhu, C., Montes-Garcia, C., & Roose, S. P. (2021). The COVID-19 pandemic as a traumatic stressor: Mental health responses of older adults with chronic PTSD. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(2), 105-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.10.010
Schmidt, B., Crepaldi, M. A., Bolze, S. D. A., Neiva-Silva, L., & Demenech, L. M. (2020). Impactos na Saúde Mental e Intervenções Psicológicas Diante da Pandemia do Novo Coronavírus (COVID-19). Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas), 37, e200063. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0275202037e200063
Schorr, A. V., Yehuda, I., & Tamir, S. (2021). Loneliness, malnutrition and change in subjective age among older adults during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010106
Silva, V. P. O., Carneiro, L. V., Lucena, W. M. A., Alixandre, A. L., & Oliveira, J. S. (2020). Escala de depressão geriátrica como instrumento assistencial do enfermeiro no rastreio de sintomas depressivos em idosos institucionalizados. Brazilian Journal of Development, 6(3), 12166-12177. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n3-188
Stolz, E., Mayerl, H., & Freidl, W. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 restriction measures on loneliness among older adults in Austria. European journal of public health, 31(1), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa238
Vannini, P., Gagliardi, G. P., Kuppe, M., Dossett, M. L., Donovan, N. J., Gatchel, J. R., & Marshall, G. A. (2021). Stress, resilience, and coping strategies in a sample of community-dwelling older adults during COVID-19. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 138, 176-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.050
Whitehead, B. R. (2021). COVID-19 as a stressor: Pandemic expectations, perceived stress, and negative affect in older adults. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 76(2), e59-e64. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa153
World Health Organization. (2010). Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health. Switzerland:Author. https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/global-PA-recs-2010.pdf
World Health Organization. (2021). Coronavirus. Geneva: Author. https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_
Wilder-Smith, A., & Freedman, D. O. (2020). Isolation, quarantine, social distancing and community containment: pivotal role for old-style public health measures in the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. Journal of travel medicine. https://doi.org/10.1093/jtm/taaa020
Wong, S. Y. S., Zhang, D., Sit, R. W. S., Yip, B. H. K., Chung, R. Y. N., Wong, C. K. M., & Mercer, S. W. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on loneliness, mental health, and health service utilisation: a prospective cohort study of older adults with multimorbidity in primary care. British Journal of General Practice, 70(700), e817-e824. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20X713021
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2022 Cláudia Batista Mélo ; Eduarda Gomes Onofre de Araújo; Alex Ramon Estrêla de Sousa Lacerda; Cícera Dalylla Lopes Ferreira; Rebecka Giullien Marques Pacheco Leitão; Rilary Rodrigues Feitosa; Gabrieli Duarte Farias; Thatiany Monteiro Coelho; Januária de Medeiros Silva; Carmem Silvia Laureano Dalle Piagge
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista concuerdan con los siguientes términos:
1) Los autores mantienen los derechos de autor y conceden a la revista el derecho de primera publicación, con el trabajo simultáneamente licenciado bajo la Licencia Creative Commons Attribution que permite el compartir el trabajo con reconocimiento de la autoría y publicación inicial en esta revista.
2) Los autores tienen autorización para asumir contratos adicionales por separado, para distribución no exclusiva de la versión del trabajo publicada en esta revista (por ejemplo, publicar en repositorio institucional o como capítulo de libro), con reconocimiento de autoría y publicación inicial en esta revista.
3) Los autores tienen permiso y son estimulados a publicar y distribuir su trabajo en línea (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su página personal) a cualquier punto antes o durante el proceso editorial, ya que esto puede generar cambios productivos, así como aumentar el impacto y la cita del trabajo publicado.
