Síntesis verde de nanopartículas de Pd soportadas en Fe3O4@ZnO para reacciones de oxidación e hidrogenación en sistemas líquidos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i14.36004Palabras clave:
Nanomateriales; Separación magnética; Biosíntesis.Resumen
En este trabajo se sintetizaron nanopartículas de Pd inmovilizadas sobre un soporte sólido híbrido compuesto por Fe3O4 recubierto con una capa de ZnO mediante un método verde que utiliza agua, un sustrato biológico de una planta local (Rhamnidium elaeocarpum) y sales metálicas de Fe3+ y Zn2+. 1H-NMR y 13C-NM revelaron β-sitosterol como componente principal del sustrato biológico. El soporte catalítico que contiene nanopartículas de Pd se aplicó en tres modelos de sistemas catalíticos sólido-líquido, a saber: oxidación de alcoholes, reducción de nitrocompuestos e hidrogenación de olefinas. Para la oxidación del alcohol, se usó alcohol bencílico como sustrato en una condición libre de solventes, con alta selectividad hacia el benzaldehído, y una sola muestra del catalizador se pudo reciclar hasta 11 veces antes de que se pudiera detectar cualquier pérdida de actividad. Se logró un TOF (frecuencia de rotación) de 13 686 h-1 para la oxidación del sustrato con una tasa de rendimiento promedio del 45,4 % para la formación de benzaldehído y una conversión promedio del sustrato del 81,6 % después de 6 ciclos catalíticos. Para los experimentos de hidrogenación utilizando ciclohexeno y 4-nitrofenol como sustratos modelo, la conversión fue del 96 % para 4-aminofenol y ciclohexano, respectivamente, después de 30 minutos de reacción. Además, una sola muestra del catalizador podría reciclarse hasta 17 veces para la reducción de 4-nitrofenol y 21 veces para la hidrogenación de ciclohexeno. El reciclaje catalítico de todas las reacciones estudiadas se realizó de forma sencilla debido a la propiedad superparamagnética del material, y el aislamiento del catalizador después de cada lote se pudo realizar rápidamente utilizando un imán de Nd. Estos resultados sugieren que se puede fabricar un sistema catalítico altamente activo y estable basado en nanopartículas de Pd soportadas en un sólido multifuncional utilizando biomasa verde barata en condiciones de síntesis operativamente simples.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Robson da Silva Souto; Samara da Silva Razini; Angélica Correa Kauffmann; Virgínia Claudia Paulino Silva; Paulo Teixeira de Sousa Jr; Andris Bakuzis; Luis Cesar Fontana; Marcos José Jacinto
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