Dosis y farmacocinética de amoxicilina en obesidad para el tratamiento de la infección respiratoria bacteriana secundaria a COVID-19: una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i14.36040

Palabras clave:

Amoxicilina; Obesidad; Farmacocinética; Dosificación; Niño.

Resumen

Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de la dosificación y farmacocinética (PK) de Amoxicilina (AMX) en obesos para el tratamiento de la infección del tracto respiratorio comunitario que puede ser una coinfección secundaria de COVID-19. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática hasta enero de 2022 en MEDLINE, EMBASE y Web of Science. Artículos completos seleccionados describieron la dosis de AMX para infecciones respiratorias o PK en niños obesos, adultos y bariátricos RYGB tratados con AMX. Resultados: De 179 estudios, 8 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Cuatro revelaron dosis de AMX en niños y adultos obesos, mientras que 4 revelaron PK en adultos obesos y bariátricos. En los estudios de dosis, 54% de los niños > 20 kg y 10% < 40 kg con infección respiratoria se consideraron infra dosificados, de acuerdo con guías o recomendaciones. Los niños, non obesos o con sobrepeso, tuvieron una sub dosificación del 10%. Para los adultos con obesidad mórbida, 70% recibió sub dosis. En estudios farmacocinéticos, los adultos obesos y bariátricos tuvieron una exposición reducida en comparación con los sujetos de peso normal para todas las formulaciones de AMX. Conclusión: Se necesitan más estudios farmacocinéticos para confirmar la dosis óptima de AMX para pacientes obesos, especialmente niños. Sin embargo, considerando que todos los adultos obesos y bariátricos tuvieron una exposición reducida de AMX, se debe recomendar 1 g 8/8 h y, en bariátricos, preferir formulaciones líquidas. Para minimizar el riesgo de fracaso del tratamiento o toxicidad, prescribir el régimen de dosis superior para niños obesos.

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Publicado

21/10/2022

Cómo citar

DALLA ROSA, G. M. de L. L.; SILVA, S. R. B.; YAMADA, S. S.; PAIXÃO, P. J. P. A.; MONTANHA, M. C.; KIMURA, E. Dosis y farmacocinética de amoxicilina en obesidad para el tratamiento de la infección respiratoria bacteriana secundaria a COVID-19: una revisión sistemática. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 14, p. e130111436040, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i14.36040. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/36040. Acesso em: 28 nov. 2024.

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