La comprensión de la medicina basada en la evidencia en estudiantes de pregrado de medicina: una revisión integradora

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i15.36918

Palabras clave:

Graduado universitario; Estudiantes de medicina; MBE.

Resumen

La medicina basada en la evidencia (MBE) se define como el uso consciente, explícito y juicioso de la mejor evidencia actual para tomar decisiones sobre el cuidado de pacientes individuales. Se ha asociado con mejores resultados clínicos para los pacientes, además de ser una herramienta de actualización para los profesionales de la salud. Por lo tanto, la práctica basada en la evidencia se ha adoptado en muchas escuelas de todo el mundo, a pesar de esto, se practica de manera subóptima, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. Así, este trabajo tiene como objetivo responder a la siguiente pregunta: "¿Qué conocimientos tienen los estudiantes de pregrado de medicina en el mundo sobre MBE?", además de evaluar las diferentes formas de enseñanza y los cambios de comportamiento después de enseñar MBE. Los artículos fueron recolectados en las bases de datos MEDLINE y BSV, utilizando los siguientes descriptores: “Evidence-Based Medicine”, “Education, Medical, Undergraduate” durante el mes de octubre de 2022. Posteriormente, se realizo un análisis cuidadoso del material seleccionado con el fin de recopilar la información más relevante sobre el tema propuesto. Se incluyeron once artículos de los 111 encontrados tras aplicar los criterios de exclusión. Se puede concluir, con esta revisión integradora, que se necesitan más estudios sobre la enseñanza de MBE en las escuelas, con el fin de descubrir el mejor método de enseñanza, cuándo iniciar el programa MBE en la graduación, además de descubrir qué conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre MBE.

Biografía del autor/a

Vitor Moura Pereira, Universidade Tiradentes

Gledson Lima Alves Junior , Universidade Tiradentes

Rodrigo Cardoso de Oliveira, Universidade Tiradentes

Marina Maria Santos Alves, Universidade Tiradentes

André Luíz Baião Campos, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Citas

al Shahrani, A. S. (2020). Development and evaluation of an evidence-based medicine module in the undergraduate medical curriculum. BMC Medical Education, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02181-7

Alahdab, F., Firwana, B., Hasan, R., Sonbol, M. B., Fares, M., Alnahhas, I., Sabouni, A., & Ferwana, M. (2012). Undergraduate medical students’ perceptions, attitudes, and competencies in evidence-based medicine (EBM), and their understanding of EBM reality in Syria. BMC Research Notes, 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-5-431

Buljan, I., Jerončić, A., Malički, M., Marušić, M., & Marušić, A. (2018). How to choose an evidence-based medicine knowledge test for medical students? Comparison of three knowledge measures. BMC Medical Education, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-018-1391-z

Çakmakkaya, Ö. S. (2021). Formal evidence-based medicine instruction in Turkish undergraduate medical education: an initial evaluation. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02876-5

Dal, K., Mendes, S., Cristina De Campos, R., Silveira, P., & Galvão, C. M. (2008). Revisão integrativa: método de pesquisa para a incorporação de evidências na saúde e na enfermagem. Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem, 17(4), 758–764. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-07072008000400018

Elçin, M., Turan, S., Odabaşi, O., & Sayek, I. (2014). Development and evaluation of the evidence-based medicine program in surgery: A spiral approach. Medical Education Online, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.3402/meo.v19.24269

Engel, B., Esser, M., & Bleckwenn, M. ([s.d.]). Piloting a blended-learning concept for integrating evidence-based medicine into the general practice clerkship.

Friederichs, H., Marschall, B., & Weissenstein, A. (2014). Practicing evidence based medicine at the bedside: A randomized controlled pilot study in undergraduate medical students assessing the practicality of tablets, smartphones, and computers in clinical life. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-014-0113-7

Gagliardi, J. P., Stinnett, S. S., & Schardt, C. (2012). Innovation in evidence-based medicine education and assessment: An interactive class for third- and fourth-year medical students. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 100(4), 306–309. https://doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.100.4.014

Heidemann, L. A., Keilin, C. A., Santen, S. A., Fitzgerald, J. T., Zaidi, N. L., Whitman, L., Jones, E. K., Lypson, M. L., & Morgan, H. K. (2019). Does performance on evidence-based medicine and urgent clinical scenarios assessments deteriorate during the fourth year of medical school? Findings from one institution. Academic Medicine, 94(5), 731–737. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000002583

Ilic, D., Nordin, R. bin, Glasziou, P., Tilson, J. K., & Villanueva, E. (2015). A randomised controlled trial of a blended learning education intervention for teaching evidence-based medicine Approaches to teaching and learning. BMC Medical Education, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-015-0321-6

Kumaravel, B., Jenkins, H., Chepkin, S., Kirisnathas, S., Hearn, J., Stocker, C. J., & Petersen, S. (2020). A prospective study evaluating the integration of a multifaceted evidence-based medicine curriculum into early years in an undergraduate medical school. BMC Medical Education, 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02140-2

Kumaravel, B., Stewart, C., & Ilic, D. (2021). Development and evaluation of a spiral model of assessing EBM competency using OSCEs in undergraduate medical education. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02650-7

Ma, K. S. K., Chang, H. C., & Krupat, E. (2021). Teaching evidence-based medicine with electronic databases for preclinical education. Advances in Physiology Education, 45(4), 849–855. https://doi.org/10.1152/ADVAN.00057.2021

Maggio, L. A., & Kung, J. Y. (2014). How are medical students trained to locate biomedical information to practice evidence-based medicine? a review of the 2007-2012 literature. Journal of the Medical Library Association, 102(3), 184–191. https://doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.102.3.008

Mai, D. H., Taylor-Fishwick, J. S., Sherred-Smith, W., Pang, A., Yaworsky, J., Whitty, S., Lafever, A., Mcilvain, C., Schmitt, M., Rogers-Johnson, M., Pace, A., & Dobrian, A. D. (2020). Peer-Developed Modules on Basic Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine Principles for Undergraduate Medical Education. MedEdPORTAL : The Journal of Teaching and Learning Resources, 16, 11026. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11026

Mendes, R. M., Rosana, •, Sguerra, G., & Resumo, M. (2017). A análise de conteúdo como uma metodologia. Cadernos de Pesquisa, 47(165), 1044–1066. https://doi.org/10.1590/198053143988

Ming Lai, N., Lecturer, S., Lai, N., Teng, C., & Nalliah, S. (2012). Assessing Undergraduate Competence in Evidence-based Medicine: A Preliminary Study on the Correlation Between Two Objective Instruments. Em Education for Health • (Vol. 25, Issue 1). http://www.educationforhealth.net

Mozeika, A. M., Asri, R., Theis, J. F., & Suzuki, C. K. (2020). Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy, and Pharmacopolicy Through an Evidence-Based Medicine: A Novel Approach for First-Year Medical Students. MedEdPORTAL : The Journal of Teaching and Learning Resources, 16, 10934. https://doi.org/10.15766/mep_2374-8265.10934

Sabouni, A., Bdaiwi, Y., Janoudi, S. L., Namous, L. O., Turk, T., Alkhatib, M., Abbas, F., & Yafi, R. Z. (2017). Multiple strategy peer-taught evidence-based medicine course in a poor resource setting. BMC Medical Education, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-017-0924-1

Sánchez-Mendiola, M., Kieffer-Escobar, L. F., Marín-Beltrán, S., Downing, S. M., & Schwartz, A. (2012). Teaching of evidence-based medicine to medical students in Mexico: A randomized controlled trial. BMC Medical Education, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6920-12-107

van Woezik, T. E. T., Oosterman, J. P., Reuzel, R. P. B., van der Wilt, G. J., & Koksma, J. J. (2020). Practice-based learning: an appropriate means to acquire the attitude and skills for evidence-based medicine. International Journal of Medical Education, 11, 140–145. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5ee0.ab48

Publicado

09/11/2022

Cómo citar

PEREIRA, V. M.; ALVES JUNIOR , G. L.; OLIVEIRA, R. C. de; ALVES, M. M. S.; CAMPOS, A. L. B. La comprensión de la medicina basada en la evidencia en estudiantes de pregrado de medicina: una revisión integradora. Research, Society and Development, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 15, p. e32111536918, 2022. DOI: 10.33448/rsd-v11i15.36918. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/36918. Acesso em: 30 jun. 2024.

Número

Sección

Ciencias de la salud